LexPath提升法律条文检索精准度,区分字面相似但法律意图不同的条文。
LexPath: A domain-oriented multi-path framework for legal article retrieval

- 设计双路径检索:基于IRAC的稀疏路径与结构引导的密集路径协同工作。
- 在四个中文和日文基准上超越现有方法,最高提升23.7%的召回率。
- 适合法律AI系统开发者,尤其关注可追溯判决依据的场景。
法律条文检索对构建可追溯、可靠的法律AI系统至关重要,结论必须基于具体法条。然而,通用检索方法依赖词汇或语义相似性,难以区分文本相似但法律适用性不同的条文,尤其当二者法律意图不同时。为此,我们提出面向领域的多路径框架LexPath,包含多路径检索模块与意图感知重排序模块。检索模块结合两条互补的领域专用路径:基于IRAC的稀疏路径通过扩展查询中的法律关键词实现检索;结构引导的密集路径利用法律层级与引用关系生成的难例进行训练。重排序模块进一步根据查询与法条的意图兼容性优化候选排名。我们在三个涵盖不同查询场景的中文基准上评估了LexPath,还跨司法管辖区测试了其在日本基准上的适用性。实验结果表明,LexPath在全部四个基准上均显著优于词汇、密集、混合及自适应检索增强生成(RAG)基线。消融实验证实各组件有效性。数据与代码已开源:https://github.com/wxliuabigail/LexPath。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Legal article retrieval is critical for building traceable and reliable legal AI systems, where conclusions must be grounded in specific legal articles. However, general-purpose retrieval methods rely heavily on lexical or semantic similarity, making it difficult to distinguish legally relevant articles from textually similar but legally inapplicable ones, particularly when they differ in their underlying legal intent. To bridge this gap, we propose LexPath, a domain-oriented multi-path framework comprising a multi-path retrieval module and an intent-aware reranking module. The retrieval module combines two complementary domain-specific paths to collect candidate articles: an IRAC-guided sparse path that expands queries with legally informative keywords, and a structure-guided dense path trained with hard negatives derived from legal hierarchy and citation relations. The reranking module further refines candidate rankings by incorporating the intent compatibility between queries and legal articles. We evaluate LexPath on three Chinese benchmarks spanning diverse query scenarios and further assess its cross-jurisdictional applicability on a Japanese benchmark. Experimental results demonstrate that LexPath consistently outperforms lexical, dense, hybrid, and adaptive retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) baselines across all four benchmarks. Ablation studies further verify the effectiveness of each component. The data and code are available at https://github.com/wxliuabigail/LexPath.
Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。