无需标注数据,通过检测物体遮挡参考点来实时发现分拣中心堵塞。
Training-Free Object-Agnostic Jam Detection in Fulfillment Centers
- 用无物时的参考点遮挡变化判断是否卡住
- 在1069段视频上达93.33%的F1分数和100%精确率
- 适合快速部署且能识别任意物体的场景
在分拣中心,各种物体在进站到出站过程中持续移动,可能因传送带摩擦过大、方向错误或机械故障而发生堵塞。传统检测方法依赖物体检测模型识别物体,再通过追踪算法(如IoU重叠和卡尔曼滤波)监控运动轨迹,但需数千条人工标注,耗时约两周,且仅限于已标注类别。本文提出一种免训练、对象无关的堵塞检测方法,无需标签数据。系统在无物体时均匀采样监控区域内的参考点;当物体遮挡这些点后,若超过时间阈值仍有足够比例持续被遮挡,则判定为堵塞。与传统点追踪将遮挡视为失败不同,本方法将遮挡转化为检测信号,关注参考点是否长时间被遮挡而非追踪其位置。在1,069段视频上的实验表明,AllTracker达到100.00%精确率和93.33% F1分数,显著优于经典稀疏追踪方法,同时保持免训练部署。该方法具有三大优势:(1) 无需训练数据或人工标注,(2) 可泛化至任意物体类型,(3) 开发时间大幅缩短。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
In fulfillment centers, diverse objects move continuously from inbound to outbound operations and can become jammed due to excessive conveyor friction, incorrect orientation, or mechanical failures. Traditional jam detection approaches rely on object detection models to identify objects, followed by tracking algorithms (such as IoU overlap and Kalman filtering) to monitor motion over time. This pipeline requires thousands of manual annotations, consuming approximately two weeks of effort, and is limited to annotated object classes. We present a training-free, object-agnostic jam detection method that eliminates the need for labeled data. Our approach uniformly samples reference points within the monitoring region when no objects are present. As objects occlude these points, we detect motion. When a sufficient fraction remains occluded beyond a temporal threshold, we classify the event as a jam. Unlike conventional point tracking--which treats occlusion as a failure case--our approach repurposes occlusion as a detection signal, monitoring whether reference points remain persistently occluded rather than tracking where they move. Our experimental evaluation on 1,069 videos demonstrates that AllTracker achieves 100.00% precision and 93.33% F1 score, significantly outperforming classical sparse tracking methods while maintaining training-free deployment. This approach offers three key advantages: (1) no training data or manual annotations, (2) object-agnostic generalization to arbitrary object types, and (3) significantly reduced development time.
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