用多重临床退化模拟训练,提升CT分割模型在真实场景下的稳定性。
Pre-Deployment Robustness Stress Testing for CT Segmentation Systems Using Clinically Motivated Multi-Corruption Augmentation

- 设计多退化组合增强策略,模拟真实临床图像质量波动。
- 在噪声和腹部数据集上,退化后分割精度提升15%以上,性能差距缩小至0.07以内。
- 适合医疗AI部署前可靠性验证,尤其关注极端退化场景的系统评估。
基于深度学习的CT分割系统在干净基准图像上表现优异,但在真实临床环境中常因噪声、分辨率下降、对比度变化、亮度偏移和伪影等退化因素导致性能下降,限制其可靠部署。本文提出稳健性增强的多退化增强框架RAMP,结合解剖约束的空间扰动、CT强度变换及随机多退化组合,在训练中暴露模型于临床可接受的图像退化。在两个CT分割评估设置中,RAMP均实现最优的退化图像表现和最小的清洁-退化性能差距。在五器官噪声基准测试中,平均退化Dice从0.610提升至0.753,鲁棒性差距由0.264降至0.064;在Abdomen1K数据集上,平均退化Dice从0.633升至0.789,差距由0.290降至0.070。尽管清洁图像上的Dice未达最高,但显著缓解了严重退化下的分割崩溃问题。结果表明,多退化增强可作为临床部署前提升CT分割系统可靠性的实用策略。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Deep learning-based CT segmentation systems often achieve high accuracy on clean benchmark images, but their performance may degrade under heterogeneous clinical imaging conditions such as noise, resolution loss, contrast variation, intensity shift, and artifacts. This instability can limit reliable deployment in real-world medical imaging workflows. We propose Robustness via Augmented Multi-corruption Pipeline (RAMP), a robustness-oriented augmentation framework for CT segmentation. RAMP combines anatomically constrained spatial perturbations, CT intensity transformations, and stochastic multi-corruption composition to expose models to clinically plausible image degradation during training. Across two CT segmentation evaluation settings, RAMP achieved the strongest corrupted-image performance and the smallest clean-to-corrupted robustness gap. In the five-organ noisy evaluation benchmark, RAMP improved mean corrupted Dice from 0.610 to 0.753 and reduced the robustness gap from 0.264 to 0.064 compared with the nnU-Net baseline. In Abdomen1K, RAMP improved mean corrupted Dice from 0.633 to 0.789 and reduced the robustness gap from 0.290 to 0.070. Although RAMP did not achieve the highest clean-image Dice, it substantially mitigated worst-case segmentation collapse under severe image degradation. These results suggest that multi-corruption augmentation can serve as a practical pre-deployment strategy for improving the reliability of CT segmentation systems in heterogeneous clinical environments.
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