arXiv:2606.00808cs.LG2026-06

提出安全子空间伪标签精炼方法,提升无源图域适应的可靠性。

Safe-Subspace Pseudo-Label Refinement for Source-Free Graph Domain Adaptation

论文配图:Safe-Subspace Pseudo-Label Refinement for Source-Free Graph Domain Adaptation
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 基于语义与结构双重证据筛选可信伪标签
  • 在多种域偏移下实现优于现有方法的性能
  • 适合无源数据时的图神经网络迁移场景

无源图域适应(SF-GDA)旨在源图不可用时将源训练的图模型适配到无标签目标图。核心挑战是伪标签可靠性:在特征与拓扑偏移下,源模型预测可能高度自信但错误,盲目自训练会通过图消息传递放大系统性误差。本文从选择性伪标签角度出发,识别出一个置信度一致的安全子空间,在受限后验差异下可控制伪标签噪声,并推导出目标风险分解,分离出安全子空间拟合误差、选中标签噪声与不确定集风险。据此提出S²PLR框架,仅对同时具备语义与结构证据的目标节点施加硬伪标签监督。具体包括:利用源模型委员会置信度与分歧评估语义可靠性,通过图对比学习获取目标内在结构表示,以邻域一致性验证伪标签,并对剩余不确定样本采用抗噪软正则而非不可靠硬标签。在图像与真实世界图基准上,不同域偏移下的实验表明,S²PLR在多种无源迁移设置中均表现鲁棒且具有竞争力。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Source-free graph domain adaptation (SF-GDA) aims to adapt source-trained graph models to unlabeled target graphs when source graphs are no longer accessible. A central obstacle is pseudo-label reliability: under feature and topological shifts, source-induced predictions may become confidently wrong, and indiscriminate self-training can amplify systematic errors through graph message passing. This paper studies SF-GDA from a selective pseudo-labeling perspective. Instead of assuming globally bounded pseudo-label noise over the entire target domain, we identify a confidence-consistent safe subspace on which pseudo-label noise can be controlled under restricted posterior discrepancy, and derive a target-risk decomposition that separates safe-subspace fitting error, selected-label noise, and uncertain-set risk. Guided by this analysis, we propose SafeSubspace Pseudo-Label Refinement (S$^2$PLR), a source-free graph adaptation framework that applies hard pseudo-label supervision only to target graphs supported by both semantic and structural evidence. Specifically, S$^2$PLR estimates semantic reliability using source-committee confidence and disagreement, learns a targetintrinsic structural representation via graph contrastive learning, verifies pseudo-labels through neighborhood consistency, and exploits the remaining uncertain samples with noise-tolerant soft regularization rather than unreliable hard labels. Experiments on image and real-world graph benchmarks under different domain shifts demonstrate that S$^2$PLR achieves robust and competitive performance across diverse source-free transfer settings.

图神经网络域适应伪标签无源迁移

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