arXiv:2606.01545cs.RO2026-06

用四层结构融合点云、网格与超椭球体,实现高精度物体建模与导航。

Hierarchical Object Representation for Spatial Robot Perception: Points, Meshes, and Superquadrics

论文配图:Hierarchical Object Representation for Spatial Robot Perception: Points, Meshes, and Superquadrics
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 分四层构建从点云到超椭球的层级化物体表示
  • 在多个真实场景中实现优于现有方法的重定位与地图对齐
  • 适合需要精准几何理解的机器人导航任务

层次化3D场景图(3DSG)已成为支持长期自主性的可操作且可扩展的表征方式,融合了场景中的度量、语义和拓扑信息。然而,物体几何表示问题被忽视,多数方法仅使用简化模型如部分点云或3D边界框。本文提出一种分层物体表示,可用于高保真物体重建、基于物体的鲁棒重定位或地图对齐,以及在密集杂乱环境中高效解析的碰撞检测。该表示结构分为四层:从原始传感器数据逐步抽象至稠密3D网格,最终得到超椭球等解析几何原型,提供稀疏而解析的物体几何表征。我们开发了从机器人捕获的RGB-D图像流构建该表示的流水线,并在室内与室外的真实开放集物体场景中验证其有效性。在包括HOPE、ReplicaCAD、Kimera-Multi和NUS Campus Dataset在内的多个数据集上,使用Unitree B2机器人采集的数据验证了该方法在室内外环境中的性能。实验表明,基于超椭球的地图对齐方法优于当前最先进的基于物体的地图对齐方法ROMAN。代码已开源:https://github.com/perceptica-robotics/Hickory。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Hierarchical 3D Scene Graphs (3DSG) have emerged as an actionable and scalable representation for long-term autonomy incorporating metric, semantic, and topological information in the scene. However, the question of geometric representation of objects in 3DSG has been overlooked as most methods use simplified geometric models such as partial point clouds or 3D bounding boxes. In this work, we introduce a hierarchical object representation that can be leveraged for high-fidelity object-level reconstruction, object-based robust re-localization or map alignment, and efficient and analytical collision checking for safe robot navigation planning in dense and cluttered environments. The representation is structurally organized into four distinct layers, progressively abstracting the scene from raw sensor data to dense 3D meshes to analytical primitives such as superquadrics, which provide a sparse and analytical representation for object geometry. We develop a pipeline that builds the hierarchical object representation from RGB-D image stream captured by a robot, and demonstrate its working in real-world open-set object scenes in both indoor and outdoor environments. Extensive experiments across diverse datasets including HOPE, ReplicaCAD, Kimera-Multi, and NUS Campus Dataset collected using Unitree B2 Robot validate our pipeline in both indoor and outdoor environments. We show that our superquadric-based map alignment method outperforms the current state-of-the-art object based map alignment method ROMAN. Our code can be found at https://github.com/perceptica-robotics/Hickory.

3D重建机器人感知超椭球体层级表示

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