动态调整对话关系,让大模型多智能体系统更省力高效。
Dynamic Trust-Aware Sparse Communication Topology for LLM-Based Multi-Agent Consensus

- 根据可信度、答案分歧和任务相关性动态筛选通信边
- 通信开销降低近90%,数学推理准确率提升12.3%
- 适合需要高可靠推理的复杂任务场景
基于大语言模型的多智能体系统通过多轮讨论、角色分工和交叉验证提升复杂推理任务的可靠性。然而,现有框架多采用全连接通信,导致消息数量、令牌消耗和端到端延迟随智能体数量呈平方级增长;虽有固定稀疏拓扑可降低开销,但无法根据任务实例或中间推理状态动态调整通信关系,易保留低价值交互或丢失关键纠错信息。为此,本文提出 DySCo(动态稀疏共识)机制:每轮推理中,基于代理可靠性、答案分歧度与任务相关性评估通信边价值,在预算约束下选择少数高价值边进行消息交换;并通过动态信任权重聚合结果,一旦共识稳定即提前终止讨论。该机制以按需通信替代全量广播,有效降低通信开销的同时保留必要交叉验证信息。我们进一步分析了通信复杂度与共识稳定性,并在数学推理、逻辑推理和事实问答任务上评估了 DySCo 的性能。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Large language model-driven multi-agent systems enhance the reliability of complex reasoning tasks through multi-round deliberation, role specialization, and cross-validation. However, existing multi-agent debate and collaboration frameworks typically adopt fully connected communication, causing the number of messages, token costs, and end-to-end latency to grow approximately quadratically with the number of agents; although fixed sparse topologies reduce overhead, they cannot adapt communication relationships to different task instances or intermediate reasoning states, making them prone either to preserving low-value interactions or to losing critical error-correction information. To address this problem, this paper proposes DySCo (Dynamic Sparse Consensus), a dynamic trust-aware sparse consensus mechanism. In each round of reasoning, DySCo estimates the value of communication edges based on agent reliability, answer divergence, and task relevance, and selects a small number of high-value edges for message exchange under budget constraints; it then aggregates the answers of different agents through dynamic trust weights and terminates the discussion early once consensus stabilizes. This mechanism replaces universal broadcasting with on-demand communication, thereby reducing communication overhead while preserving essential cross-validation information. We further present analyses of communication complexity and consensus stability, and evaluate the performance of DySCo on mathematical reasoning, logical reasoning, and factual question-answering tasks.
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