用WiFi信号识别三种日常动作,模型更准且适应不同环境。
WISE-HAR: A Generalizable Ensemble Deep Learning Framework for WiFi-Based Human Activity Recognition

- 集成五种CNN模型,降低性能波动
- 数据增强使随机森林准确率从60%提至95%
- 跨场景跨天线测试仍保持高精度,适合真实部署
基于WiFi信号的人体行为识别(HAR)在智能家居、健康监测和辅助生活等领域具有重要意义。本文使用Wallhack1.8k WiFi频谱数据集,识别三种行为:'无人员'、'行走'和'行走+挥手'。为应对性能波动,采用五种CNN架构(Deep CNN、Wide CNN、MobileNetV2、ResNet50V2、EfficientNetB0)的集成学习;为缓解小样本问题,引入时间扭曲、频率掩码和噪声添加等数据增强策略;为评估实际泛化能力,进行跨场景(视距到非视距)与跨天线(双环天线到PIFA天线)测试。集成模型在视距-双环配置下测试准确率达94.87%,优于最佳单模型0.66%。数据增强使随机森林准确率从60%提升至95%。跨场景测试仅下降1.37%和2.07%,表明模型具备强泛化能力,适用于不同硬件与环境的真实场景部署。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Human Activity Recognition (HAR) using WiFi signals has emerged as a transformative technology for smart homes, healthcare monitoring, security systems, and ambient assisted living. Unlike traditional camera-based systems that raise significant privacy concerns and fail in low-light conditions, or wearable sensors that require user compliance, WiFi-based HAR is non-intrusive, privacy-preserving, cost-effective, and works seamlessly in any lighting condition. This paper presents a comprehensive approach to recognize three distinct human activities: "No Presence" (empty room), "Walking", and "Walking + Arm-waving" using the Wallhack1.8k WiFi spectrogram dataset. We propose three key improvements to address the main challenges in WiFi-based HAR. First, to address high performance variance, we implement ensemble learning with five different CNN architectures (Deep CNN, Wide CNN, MobileNetV2, ResNet50V2, and EfficientNetB0). Second, to address the small dataset size limitation, we apply aggressive data augmentation techniques including time-warping, frequency masking, and noise addition. Third, to evaluate real-world generalization capability, we perform cross-scenario evaluation (training on Line-of-Sight and testing on Non-Line-of-Sight) and cross-antenna evaluation (training on Biquad antenna and testing on PIFA antenna). Our ensemble model achieved a test accuracy of 94.87% on the LOS scenario with Biquad antenna, outperforming the best individual model by 0.66%. Data augmentation improved Random Forest performance from 60% to 95%. Cross-scenario evaluation showed minimal accuracy drops of only 1.37% and 2.07%, demonstrating strong generalization capabilities. The results indicate that the proposed approach is robust, reliable, and suitable for real-world deployment in diverse environments with different hardware configurations.
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