为自主智能体设计可组合的授权框架,解决权限继承与动态管控难题。
Overlaying Governance: A Compositional Authorization Framework for Delegation and Scope in Agentic AI

- 将委托视为合同而非静态令牌,支持递归授权链
- 引入资源范围衰减机制,限制智能体访问边界
- 兼容现有系统,无需重写策略即可叠加新授权语义
随着人工智能系统从被动模型演变为能主动行动、协作和委派任务的自主代理,传统软件系统的边界变得模糊。传统的授权与委派框架基于固定主体、显式请求和静态作用域,难以治理自主智能体。智能体需要更丰富的授权语义:权限继承、时限性授权以及通过共享协议协同。现有身份与访问管理(IAM)系统无法充分捕捉这种代理特性,缺乏递归委派、上下文边界和动态作用域等可执行治理原语。不同于OAuth 2.0等访问委派标准,本文将委派视为合同条款而非仅静态凭据。提出一种可组合的治理框架,定义了多种委派类型及其权限与问责影响,并引入资源作用域衰减以约束智能体的访问范围。这些概念以通用关系定义表达,可融入现有授权域(如金融系统)。为实现组合,定义了一个叠加算子,可在不重写原有关系策略的前提下,嵌入递归委派等智能体语义。通过形式化证明与实证评估验证,该框架为自主智能体中的可问责授权提供了形式严谨且实用的基础。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
As AI systems evolve from passive models into autonomous active agents capable of initiating actions, collaborating, and delegating tasks, the traditional boundaries of software systems blur. Traditional authorization and delegation frameworks, built around fixed principals, explicit requests, and static scopes, are insufficient to govern agentic systems. Agentic AI demands richer authorization semantics: agents must inherit and delegate permissions, act under time-limited authority, and coordinate through shared protocols. Existing Identity and Access Management (IAM) systems fail to fully capture this notion of agency, lacking mechanisms for recursive delegation, contextual boundaries, and dynamic scoping as executable governance primitives. Unlike access delegation standards such as OAuth 2.0, we treat delegation as a contractual term rather than merely a static token-based consent credential. This paper proposes a compositional governance framework that introduces primitives indispensable for agentic AI. We define types of delegation and their permissions and accountability implications, and we introduce a notion of resource scope attenuation to bound agentic access envelopes. These concepts are expressed as general relational definitions that can be composed into existing authorization domains (e.g., financial systems). To operationalize this composition, we define a compositional operator that overlays new agentic semantics, such as recursive delegation chains, onto existing relational policies without rewriting them. We substantiate this framework through formal proofs and empirical evaluation, showing that it provides a formal yet practical foundation for accountable authorization in agentic AI systems.
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