arXiv:2606.03762cs.LGcs.AI2026-06被引 1

通过智能筛选与熵引导,让大模型更高效地使用工具完成复杂推理。

Tool-Aware Optimization with Entropy Guidance for Efficient Agentic Reinforcement Learning

论文配图:Tool-Aware Optimization with Entropy Guidance for Efficient Agentic Reinforcement Learning
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 双条件过滤训练轨迹,保留有用数据,避免无效或单一结果干扰
  • 在调用工具后引入熵奖励,促进策略探索更多元的推理路径
  • 适合需要稳定工具调用的大模型强化学习任务

智能体强化学习使大语言模型具备工具使用能力,显著提升复杂任务推理性能。但工具集成常导致训练不稳定:过度依赖工具引发输入分布偏移,过度保守则限制有效探索。为此,我们提出统一框架TAO-RL,结合工具感知轨迹过滤与熵引导探索,实现高效策略优化。在数据层面,TAO-RL通过双重标准过滤回溯轨迹:剔除所有工具调用失败的轨迹,以及全部正确或全部错误的轨迹(二者均产生退化的优势估计,缺乏区分性学习信号)。该联合过滤机制保留兼具工具能力和信息量的高质量数据,构建稳健训练分布。在算法层面,引入工具感知的熵引导奖励,在工具调用后的关键节点重塑优势函数,鼓励策略在决策关键点探索更丰富的推理路径。两项机制相辅相成:轨迹过滤建立清晰、有信息量的训练基础,熵引导探索驱动更强的工具交互推理行为。在3个模型规模下7个高难度推理基准上的大量实验表明,TAO-RL优于现有方法。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Agentic reinforcement learning (RL) equips large language models (LLMs) with tool-use capabilities that substantially improve reasoning on complex tasks. However, integrating external tools often destabilizes training: over-reliance on tools can induce input distribution shift, while overly conservative tool use limits effective exploration. To address this issue, we propose a unified framework TAO-RL that couples tool-aware trajectory filtering with entropy-guided exploration for efficient policy optimization. Specifically, at the data level, TAO-RL filters rollout trajectories along two criteria: discarding those where all tool invocations fail to execute, and removing those where all rollouts are either correct or incorrect, as both cases yield degenerate advantage estimates that contribute no discriminative learning signal. This joint filtering retains data that are both tool-capable and informative, establishing a high-quality training distribution. At the algorithmic level, we introduce a tool-aware entropy-guided bonus that reshapes the advantage function at post-tool-call tokens, encouraging the policy to explore more diverse reasoning paths at critical decision points. These two components are mutually reinforcing: trajectory filtering establishes a clean and informative training foundation, while entropy-guided exploration drives stronger reasoning behaviors at critical tool-interaction junctures. Extensive experiments on 7 challenging reasoning benchmarks across 3 model scales demonstrate the superiority of TAO-RL over existing methods.

强化学习工具使用大模型推理优化

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