arXiv:2606.03885cs.LG2026-06

通过分布路径提升特征归因精度,避免传统方法的路径偏差问题。

Attribution via Distributional Paths for Information Revelation

论文配图:Attribution via Distributional Paths for Information Revelation
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用结构化分布替代输入空间路径,逐步揭示信息以计算归因
  • 在ImageNet和表格数据上实现稳定且带符号的归因结果
  • 适用于多尺度图像和不确定特征的场景,适合模型可解释性研究者

特征归因方法通过为输入特征分配重要性分数来解释模型预测。基于路径的方法(如积分梯度)因其满足完整性(归因总和等于模型输出变化)而备受青睐。然而,大多数路径方法在输入空间定义轨迹,通过逐点扰动输入来解释模型,无法控制特征查询的分辨率;路径起始部分与输入本身贡献等同。本文将路径归因从输入空间提升至围绕目标样本的结构化探测分布空间,提出Reveal-IG方法。该方法不直接遍历原始输入值,而是逐步揭示输入信息,并沿分布路径计算模型期望输出的变化。结果是保留对期望模型响应完整性的路径归因框架,自然支持多尺度图像探测和表格数据的特征不确定性。合成诊断显示,Reveal-IG避免了输入空间方法的路径伪影,在ImageNet分类和表格回归任务中生成稳定、带符号的归因,显著优于基线方法的符号相关指标,其他指标仍具竞争力。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Feature attribution methods explain predictions by assigning importance scores to input features. Path-based methods such as Integrated Gradients are especially appealing because they satisfy \textit{completeness}: attributions sum to the change in model output between a reference state and the input. Yet most path methods define this trajectory in input space, explaining a model through pointwise perturbed inputs along a chosen path. An input-space path integrates the model's raw response at each point it passes through, with no control over the resolution at which a feature is queried; the early, baseline-adjacent part of the trajectory contributes to the explanation on equal footing with the input itself. Here, we lift path attribution from input space to a space of structured probe distributions around the example of interest, and call our method Reveal-IG. Rather than traversing raw input values, Reveal-IG progressively reveals information about the input and attributes changes in the model's expected output along this distributional path. The result is a path-attribution framework that retains completeness with respect to the expected model response, and naturally accommodates multiscale image probes and feature-wise uncertainty in tabular data. Synthetic diagnostics show that Reveal-IG avoids path artifacts that affect input-space methods, and across ImageNet classification and tabular regression it produces stable, signed attributions -- leading on metrics that use attribution sign while remaining competitive on the rest.

归因方法可解释性深度学习分布路径

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