arXiv:2606.04008eess.SPcs.AI2026-06

用神经场建模水下无人机噪声,实现三维空间任意位置预测。

Neural Radiated-Noise Fields for Unmanned Underwater Vehicle Noise Spectrum Prediction in Three-Dimensional Scenes

论文配图:Neural Radiated-Noise Fields for Unmanned Underwater Vehicle Noise Spectrum Prediction in Three-Dimensional Scenes
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 将噪声谱建模为三维位置、方向和频率的连续函数。
  • 在50-5000Hz频段平均误差3.5dB,深度外推最困难。
  • 引入可学习场景特征网格,提升模型泛化能力。

无人水下航行器(UUV)的辐射噪声是表征声学特征和评估平台性能的重要指标。针对传统物理建模与数值仿真方法对目标结构信息和环境边界条件依赖性强,且难以实现三维场景中连续的空间谱响应建模的问题,本文提出神经辐射噪声场(NRNF)。NRNF将UUV辐射噪声谱表示为三维UUV位置、三维水听器位置、UUV偏航角和频率的连续函数,支持任意空间位置的按需预测。方法采用正弦编码处理位置与频率,并引入可学习的三维场景特征网格,显式建模环境结构与传播效应。基于湖试数据构建了谱预测数据集,在水平外推、深度外推和跨运行泛化三种设置下评估模型表现。结果表明,NRNF在50至5000 Hz频段平均预测误差为3.5 dB;水平外推最易,深度外推最难,跨运行泛化居中。消融实验进一步验证,场景特征网格显著提升了模型的预测稳定性和空间泛化能力。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Radiated noise in unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs) is an important indicator for characterizing acoustic signatures and evaluating platform performance. To address the strong dependence of traditional physics-based modeling and numerical simulation methods on target structural information and environmental boundary conditions, and their inability to achieve continuous spatial spectrum-response modeling in three-dimensional scenes, this paper proposes a neural radiated-noise field (NRNF). An NRNF represents the UUV radiated-noise spectrum as a continuous function of the three-dimensional UUV position, the three-dimensional hydrophone position, the UUV yaw angle, and the frequency, enabling query-based prediction at arbitrary spatial locations. The proposed method employs sinusoidal encoding for position and frequency, and introduces a learnable three-dimensional scene feature grid to explicitly represent environmental structure and propagation effects. A spectrum-prediction dataset is constructed from lake trials, and the proposed model is evaluated under three settings: horizontal extrapolation, depth extrapolation, and cross-run generalization. Results show that the NRNF achieves an average prediction error of 3.5 dB in the 50 to 5000 Hz band. Horizontal extrapolation is easiest, depth extrapolation is the most challenging, and cross-run generalization is of intermediate difficulty. Further ablation results demonstrate that the scene feature grid significantly improves the prediction stability and spatial generalization of the model.

声学建模神经场水下感知

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