修正CutMix标签偏差,用物体面积重算权重提升准确率
OA-CutMix: Correcting the Label Bias of CutMix

- 用分割掩码替代面积计算标签权重,更准确反映物体贡献
- 在6个数据集上平均提升准确率,小物体效果尤其显著
- 无需修改混合过程,训练成本低,适合快速部署
CutMix已成为主流混合增强方法,但其标签分配基于一个错误假设:粘贴块的面积能准确反映其语义贡献。实际上,粘贴块常落在背景区域,导致未可见物体类别获得非零标签权重。实验显示,CutMix标签与真实物体区域均值偏差达21.5%,在17%样本中,图像虽无可见物体像素却仍获非零标签权重。本文提出对象感知剪切混合(OA-CutMix),利用预计算的分割掩码,以可见物体面积重新计算标签权重,使标签分配更合理。图像混合过程保持不变。在4种架构、6个数据集上对比10余种静态与动态混合方法,OA-CutMix始终表现最优,超越部分动态混合方法,且训练开销极低。对小物体的性能提升最为明显,表明修正标签偏差即可媲美甚至超越复杂混合算法。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
CutMix has become the de facto standard mixing augmentation, yet its label assignment rests on a flawed assumption: The area of the pasted patch faithfully reflects its semantic contribution to the mixed image. In practice, however, patches frequently land on background regions, assigning label credit to classes whose objects are not visible. The mean discrepancy of the CutMix label and the semantic object area is $21.5\%$. In $17\%$ of samples an image contributes zero visible object pixels yet receives nonzero label weight. We propose Object-Aware CutMix (OA-CutMix), which corrects this bias by replacing the area-based CutMix weight with one derived from precomputed segmentation masks, assigning labels in proportion to the visible object area each image contributes to the mix. The image mixing procedure is left entirely unchanged. We evaluate OA-CutMix against 10+ static and dynamic mixing methods across 4 architectures and 6 datasets. OA-CutMix consistently achieves the highest accuracy over all tasks, outperforming even dynamic mixing methods, but at a fraction of the training-time cost. Improvements are largest for small objects, where the label bias from CutMix is greatest. Thus, correcting the label is sufficient to match or exceed the performance of methods modifying the image mixing algorithm.
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