arXiv:2606.05035cs.CV2026-06被引 1

提出新框架,让机器人长期视觉建图更准更稳。

Anchor3R: Streaming 3D Reconstruction with Transient Anchors for Long-Horizon Visual Mapping

论文配图:Anchor3R: Streaming 3D Reconstruction with Transient Anchors for Long-Horizon Visual Mapping
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 以当前帧为中心预测相对位姿和局部点云,避免全局坐标依赖。
  • 在多个场景下显著降低长时间运行的位姿误差与重建漂移。
  • 适合需要持续建图的机器人、自动驾驶等长时序应用。

长时序在线视觉建图是机器人感知的核心能力,需在有限内存与算力下,从视觉流中持续估计相机运动与场景几何。现有前馈式3D重建模型虽具强几何先验,但其流式版本常将位姿预测绑定于首帧或持久场景记忆的固定坐标系,导致训练-测试不匹配、早期锚点注意力偏差及长序列下的累积漂移。本文提出Anchor3R,将前馈重建视为以当前帧为中心的局部测量预测,而非持久的全局回归。每一步预测窗口内相对位姿与当前帧坐标系下的局部点云,将流式重建转化为相对位姿测量生成。这些测量支持在线位姿更新,通过回环闭合重插入与运动平均,对齐轨迹并整合局部点云为连贯全局重建。在室内、室外、驾驶及RGB-D基准上实验表明,Anchor3R相比现有流式基线显著提升长时序位姿精度与稠密重建质量,同时支持有界内存的在线推理。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Long-horizon online visual mapping is a core capability for robot perception, requiring continuous camera-motion and scene-geometry estimation from visual streams under bounded memory and computation. Recent feed-forward 3D reconstruction models provide strong geometric priors, but their streaming variants often predict poses in a fixed coordinate system tied to the first frame or a persistent scene memory. This fixed-gauge design leads to train--test mismatch, attention bias toward early anchors, and accumulated drift on sequences much longer than those seen during training. We propose \emph{Anchor3R}, a streaming 3D reconstruction framework that treats feed-forward reconstruction as current-centric local measurement prediction rather than persistent global-gauge regression. At each time step, Anchor3R predicts window-relative poses and a local pointmap in the current-frame coordinate system, turning streaming reconstruction into relative-pose measurement generation. These measurements support online pose updates, while loop-closure reinsertion and motion averaging align the trajectory and transform local pointmaps into a coherent global reconstruction. Experiments on indoor, outdoor, driving, and RGB-D benchmarks show that Anchor3R improves long-horizon pose accuracy and dense reconstruction quality over existing streaming baselines, while supporting bounded-memory online inference.

3D重建机器人感知流式建图

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