arXiv:2606.05202physics.comp-phcs.LG2026-06

用低精度模型数据训练高精度预测,三倍降本且误差极小。

Multi-Fidelity Learning with Shallow Recurrent Decoders for Multi-Physics Applications

论文配图:Multi-Fidelity Learning with Shallow Recurrent Decoders for Multi-Physics Applications
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用浅层循环解码器融合多精度数据,从低精度输入重建高精度场。
  • 在三个核反应堆场景中,误差低于百分之几,计算量降低千倍。
  • 适合尚未建成的设施设计与安全分析,无需高成本仿真。

在反应堆物理中,中子学与多物理场现象可采用不同精度建模。基于玻尔兹曼输运方程、多群扩散或计算流体动力学的高精度模型计算代价高昂,而零维集总模型虽快却忽略空间细节。高精度数据稀缺、低精度数据丰富,促使多精度(MF)学习策略发展。本文将浅层循环解码器(SHRED)扩展至多精度降阶建模,以低精度模型输出作为输入轨迹。所提方法(MF-SHRED)在三个基准问题上验证:(i) 两群点燃-扩散;(ii) 六种化学物质的非线性反应-对流-扩散系统;(iii) 熔盐快堆(MSFR)的中子-热工水力耦合多物理场模型。三种情况下,MF-SHRED重建高精度场的相对误差均低于百分之几,接近本征正交分解的截断误差,且相比高精度求解器计算成本降低三个数量级。其性能与原始稀疏传感器版SHRED相当。结果表明,MF-SHRED是反应堆物理与多物理场应用中一种非侵入式降阶建模的有效策略,尤其适用于设施建造前的设计与安全分析。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

In reactor physics, neutronics and multi-physics phenomena can be modelled at different fidelity levels. High-fidelity models based on the Boltzmann transport equation, multi-group diffusion, or computational fluid dynamics are computationally demanding, whereas simplified models, such as zero-dimensional lumped formulations, can be evaluated efficiently at the cost of neglecting spatial details. The computational intractability of detailed models translates into a scarcity of high-fidelity data and an abundance of low-fidelity data, motivating the development of multi-fidelity (MF) learning strategies able to map between the two. This work extends Shallow Recurrent Decoders (SHRED), a machine learning architecture that reconstructs high-dimensional fields from time-series measurements, to multi-fidelity reduced-order modelling, in which the input trajectories are provided by a low-fidelity model. The resulting MF-SHRED is assessed on three benchmark problems: (i) a two-group point-kinetics-to-diffusion; (ii) a non-linear reaction-advection-diffusion system of six chemical species; and (iii) the coupled neutronics-thermal-hydraulics multi-physics model of the Molten Salt Fast Reactor (MSFR). Across all three cases, MF-SHRED reconstructs the high-fidelity fields with relative errors below a few percent, closely approaching the truncation error of the underlying proper orthogonal decomposition, while reducing the computational cost by three orders of magnitude relative to the corresponding high-fidelity solver. MF-SHRED performs comparably to the original sparse-sensor SHRED formulation. These results support the use of MF-SHRED as a non-intrusive reduced-order modelling strategy for reactor physics and multi-physics applications, particularly for design and safety analysis tasks that must be carried out before a facility is even built.

多物理场降阶建模核反应堆机器学习

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