arXiv:2606.05639cs.LG2026-06

让实体和关系共同引导推理,提升知识图谱补全效果

Q-GNN: Query-Conditioned Graph Neural Networks with Type Awareness for Knowledge Graph Completion

论文配图:Q-GNN: Query-Conditioned Graph Neural Networks with Type Awareness for Knowledge Graph Completion
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用实体邻域结构和语义类型双重信息引导消息传递
  • 在多个基准上优于现有方法,最高提升6.2%准确率
  • 适合需要精细推理的知识图谱应用开发者

知识图谱补全(KGC)旨在从不完整的知识图谱中预测缺失三元组,对下游应用至关重要。近年来,基于图神经网络(GNN)的方法通过在查询中心的局部子图上进行消息传递取得了显著进展。然而,实际查询由实体和关系共同定义,二者均携带推理所需的关键信息,而现有方法仅以查询关系作为引导信号,忽略了查询实体中蕴含的信息——实体仅作为子图提取的结构锚点。为此,本文从两个角度引入查询实体信息:一是结构上下文,即实体周围的邻域结构与关系模式,通过专用上下文编码器编码并用于调制消息;二是实体的语义类型,由大语言模型推断,融入注意力计算与最终打分,提供类型级先验约束。两者结合使推理过程同时受查询关系与查询实体引导。在标准基准上的实验结果验证了所提Q-GNN的有效性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Knowledge Graph Completion (KGC) aims at predicting missing triplets from incomplete knowledge graphs, which is crucial for downstream applications. Recently, Graph Neural Network (GNN)-based methods have achieved remarkable success by performing message passing over query-centered local subgraphs. However, in practice, a query is jointly defined by both the entity and the relation, with both carrying information indispensable for reasoning, yet these methods rely solely on the query relation as the guiding signal, while the information inherent in the query entity is not leveraged to guide inference - the entity serves merely as a structural anchor for subgraph extraction. To this end, we incorporate query entity information into the reasoning process from two perspectives: the first is structural context, i.e., the neighboring structure and relation patterns around the entity, which is encoded by a dedicated context encoder and used to modulate messages; the second is semantic type of the entity, inferred by a large language model, which is incorporated into attention computation and final scoring to provide type-level prior constraints. Together, these two sources of information enable the reasoning process to be guided by both the query relation and the query entity. Experimental results on standard benchmarks demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed Q-GNN.

知识图谱图神经网络推理增强

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