arXiv:2606.05871cs.ITcs.AI2026-06

研究分布式概率融合中如何保持顺序无关性,给出精确融合的边界条件。

Compositional Boundaries for Density Fusion

  • 提出分段值融合规则的代数可组合性框架,确保融合顺序不影响结果。
  • 发现加权线性池化是唯一满足全局顺序不变性的连续二元融合规则。
  • 揭示局部近似方法与全局最优融合的本质差异,适用于可信系统设计者。

分布式不确定性管理系统常在通信、隐私或调度约束下,通过聚合树组合本地概率模型。最终密度应依赖于加权源,而非中间节点的结合顺序。本文将此要求视为加权概率密度二元融合的代数可组合性问题。核心问题是:何种局部融合规则可在层级执行中保持顺序不变?我们确立了分段值融合规则的可组合边界。在连续二元规则、加性输出权重和仅权重系数的类中,顺序不变的层级执行等价于归一化加权线性池化;范数诱导的分段平衡实现对应系数。平滑端点到候选 $f$-散度平衡具有不同局部几何:其二次展开导致平方根有效权重,说明仅满足成对可解不足以实现调度无关融合。我们证明该障碍仅存在于端点到候选二元平衡,而全局散度巴氏中心仍保持加性权重局部极限。高斯混合模型表明同一问题在有限模型类中出现:精确融合具可组合性,而分步压缩仅在未归一化分量测度满足同余条件时才可组合。这些结果区分了精确的调度无关融合与全局聚合目标及局部近似启发式方法。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Distributed uncertainty-management systems often combine local probabilistic models along aggregation trees chosen by communication, privacy, or scheduling constraints. The final density should depend on the weighted sources, not on the particular order in which intermediate nodes combine them. We study this requirement as an algebraic compositionality problem for binary fusion of weighted probability densities. The central question is when a local fusion rule can be executed hierarchically while remaining order-invariant. We establish a compositional boundary for local segment-valued fusion rules. Within the class of continuous binary rules with additive output weights and weight-only coefficients, order-invariant hierarchical execution characterizes normalized weighted linear pooling; norm-induced segment balancing realizes the corresponding coefficient. Smooth endpoint-to-candidate $f$-divergence balancing has a different local geometry: its quadratic expansion induces square-root effective weights, showing why pairwise solvability alone is insufficient for schedule-independent fusion. We show that this obstruction is local to endpoint-to-candidate binary balancing, whereas global divergence barycenters retain additive-weight local limits. Finally, Gaussian mixtures show how the same issue appears in finite model classes: exact fusion is compositional, whereas stepwise compression is compositional only under a congruence condition on unnormalized component measures. These results distinguish exact schedule-independent fusion from global aggregation objectives and local approximation heuristics.

概率融合可组合性不确定性管理分布式系统

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