让自动驾驶规划更安全可控,通过风格化成本图桥接隐空间与决策。
PLAN-S: Bridging Planning with Latent Style Dynamics for Autonomous Driving World Models

- 从隐状态解码风格条件成本图,显式建模驾驶风格与风险
- 在nuScenes上平均轨迹误差0.55米,碰撞率降低42%
- 适配不同规划器,支持多样驾驶风格生成与可解释性调控
隐式世界模型(LWM)通过紧凑的场景动态预测增强了端到端自动驾驶能力。然而现有基于LWM的规划器通常直接从纠缠的隐表示生成轨迹,缺乏对风险、可行驶性及多样驾驶风格的显式建模,导致风格动态难以监督、检查或调节。本文提出PLAN-S(基于隐式风格动态的规划),通过从隐表示解码一个风格条件的四通道语义成本图,构建规划前的桥梁。该成本图依赖本车状态与驾驶风格,通过两个上游接口融入规划:注意力级融合用于回归类规划器,奖励级融合用于锚点-评分类规划器。我们在两个架构不同的主机上验证——ResWorld(nuScenes)与WoTE(NAVSIM),保持主干冻结以隔离贡献。在nuScenes上,PLAN-S在各时间步均降低L2误差,平均为0.55米,3秒碰撞率相对下降42%;在NAVSIM上,规则成本变体达89.4的预测驾驶员模型得分(PDMS),学习成本变体在基线挑战场景中取得互补提升。消融实验表明,成本路径对更安全轨迹选择贡献最大。定性结果显示,PLAN-S能生成空间一致且符合不同驾驶风格的成本图。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Latent world models (LWMs) have strengthened end-to-end autonomous driving by forecasting compact scene dynamics for downstream planning. However, existing LWM-based planners usually generate trajectories directly from entangled latent representations. This compact latent-to-planner pathway lacks explicit modeling of risk, drivability, and diverse style preferences, making driving-style dynamics difficult to supervise, inspect, or modulate before a final trajectory is selected. We propose PLAN-S (PLANning with latent Style dynamics), a planner-facing bridge that addresses this compactness-controllability dilemma by decoding a style-conditioned, four-channel semantic cost map from the latent representation. The cost map is conditioned on ego state and driving style and is consumed up-stream of the planning decision through two host-side interfaces: attention-level fusion for regression planners and reward-level fusion for anchor-score planners. We validate PLAN-S on two architecturally distinct hosts, ResWorld on nuScenes and WoTE on NAVSIM, while keeping the host backbones frozen to isolate the contribution of the proposed bridge. On nuScenes, PLAN-S reduces L2 at every horizon over the baseline, with 0.55 m average L2 and a 42% relative reduction in the 3 s collision rate. On NAVSIM, the rule-cost variant reaches 89.4 Predictive Driver Model Score (PDMS), while the learned cost variant provides complementary gains on baseline-challenging scenes. Ablations show that the cost pathway contributes most directly to safer trajectory selection. Qualitative results further show that PLAN-S can produce diverse cost maps, with spatially consistent variations aligned to different driving styles.
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