arXiv:2606.06967cs.LG2026-06

提出无需雅可比矩阵的生成策略优化方法,解决复杂控制任务中的动作概率计算难题。

GenPO++: Generative Policy Optimization with Jacobian-free Likelihood Ratios

论文配图:GenPO++: Generative Policy Optimization with Jacobian-free Likelihood Ratios
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用历史状态作为辅助记忆,在高阶可逆微分方程求解器中实现精确反演
  • 不改变动作维度,直接计算精确似然比,训练更稳定且效率更高
  • 适用于大规模模拟与真实机器人控制,优于现有同类方法

生成策略能提供丰富且多模态的动作分布,适用于复杂连续控制任务。其中基于流的策略因其通过确定性映射生成动作而备受青睐。然而,由于难以评估执行动作的真实概率,这类策略在基于似然的在线学习中应用受限。现有流强化学习方法要么使用近似替代品代替真实动作密度比,引入偏差;要么通过虚拟动作扩充恢复精确似然,扩大策略空间并增加计算开销。本文提出GenPO++,一种可逆生成策略优化框架,利用历史状态作为高阶可逆微分方程求解器的辅助记忆,实现无需修改原动作维度的精确反演。生成策略映射的对数行列式仅由固定求解器系数决定,从而实现精确且无需雅可比矩阵的似然比计算。该设计保留了生成流策略的表达能力,同时避免了动作比偏差和虚拟动作开销。我们在大规模模拟控制、微调及真实机器人操作任务上评估了GenPO++,结果表明其性能达到或超过当前最优在线强化学习方法,同时提升训练稳定性与计算效率。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Generative policies provide expressive and multimodal action distributions, making them attractive for reinforcement learning (RL) in complex continuous-control tasks. Among them, flow-based policies are especially appealing because they generate actions through deterministic transport maps. However, applying such generative policies to likelihood-based on-policy learning remains limited by the difficulty of evaluating the probability of executed actions. Existing flow RL methods either replace the true action-density ratio with approximate surrogates, which can introduce biased updates, or recover exact likelihoods through dummy-action augmentation, which enlarges the policy space and increases computation. In this work, we propose GenPO++, a reversible generative policy optimization framework that uses history states as auxiliary memory in a high-order reversible ODE solver, yielding exact inversion without changing the original action dimension. The resulting generative policy map has a log-determinant determined only by fixed solver coefficients, enabling exact and Jacobian-free likelihood-ratio computation. This design preserves the expressiveness of generative flow policies while avoiding both action ratio bias and dummy-action overhead. We evaluate GenPO++ on large-scale simulated control, fine-tuning, and real-world robotic manipulation tasks, where it achieves competitive or superior performance over state-of-the-art on-policy RL methods, while improving training stability and computational efficiency.

强化学习生成策略流模型可逆网络

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