通过颜色通道相关性检测AI生成图像,效果优于现有方法。
CHROMA: Detecting AI-Generated Images through Inter-Channel Color-Space Correlations

- 利用多色彩空间的通道间相关性作为伪造线索
- 在标准测试中准确率超主流检测器,且训练成本低
- 适合需要轻量级、强泛化能力的图像真实性验证场景
扩散模型和大规模生成模型的广泛应用使合成图像与真实照片的区分愈发困难。尽管已有自动化检测方法,但其对未知生成器的泛化能力仍较弱。本文研究通道间颜色相关性这一轻量且未被充分挖掘的取证特征。首先发现LPIPS等感知指标对不同色彩空间下通道依赖性扰动的响应不一致,表明跨通道统计量未被统一感知目标所约束。进一步分析多个色彩空间中成对通道相关性特征的分布,揭示出真实与生成图像之间存在系统性差异,其中RGB和Lab空间分离效果最明显。基于此,提出Chroma检测器,将标准RGB输入扩展为包含通道相关性图的增强输入,并使用固定卷积神经网络主干,在较小计算开销下完成训练。在单生成器训练及少量其他生成器样本监督的多生成器设置下,均表现出良好鲁棒性。在标准基准测试中,相关性增强输入显著提升真实与生成图像的判别性能,结果媲美最新检测器,同时保持简洁架构与训练流程。代码已公开于https://github.com/JPSoteloSilva/CHROMA。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The rapid adoption of diffusion and large-scale generative models has made it increasingly challenging to distinguish synthetic imagery from real photographs. While automated detectors have been proposed, their generalization to unseen generators remains brittle. To address this limitation, we investigate inter-channel color correlations, a lightweight and underexploited forensic cue. We first demonstrate that LPIPS, a widely used perceptual metric, exhibits inconsistent responses to perturbations that selectively alter channel dependence across different color-space parameterizations, indicating that cross-channel statistics are not uniformly constrained by common perceptual training objectives. Motivated by this, we analyze the distributions of pairwise inter-channel correlation features across multiple color spaces. Our analysis reveals systematic, generator-specific differences in these distributions, with RGB and Lab color spaces providing the most apparent separation between real and generated images. Building on this, we introduce Chroma, a detector of AI-generated images which augments standard RGB inputs with inter-channel correlation maps and employs a fixed CNN backbone trained with a modest computational budget. We assess its robustness under both single-generator training and a limited multi-generator supervision regime, where only a few samples from additional generators are available. Across a standard benchmark protocol, correlation-augmented inputs improve real-vs-generated discrimination and robustness, yielding performance competitive with recent detectors while maintaining a simple architecture and training procedure. Code is available at https://github.com/JPSoteloSilva/CHROMA
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