arXiv:2606.08904cs.AI2026-06

用AI自动发现芯片宏单元布局顺序,显著降低布线长度。

Order Matters: Unveiling the Hidden Impact of Macro Placement Sequences via Proxy-Guided LLM Evolution

论文配图:Order Matters: Unveiling the Hidden Impact of Macro Placement Sequences via Proxy-Guided LLM Evolution
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 通过代理评估与大模型演化,自动探索布局顺序策略。
  • 在ISPD 2005基准上,布线长度比EGPlace减少14.08%。
  • 适合芯片物理设计、EDA工具开发人员参考。

宏单元布局是现代芯片物理设计中的关键步骤,对高维组合优化问题的求解质量有决定性影响。尽管机器学习在空间坐标确定方面取得进展,但布局顺序仍依赖静态启发式规则。本文表明,布局顺序不仅是预处理步骤,更是影响优化结果的关键因素——早期错误决策会引发不可逆的连锁反应,压缩可行解空间。为此,我们提出OrderPlace:一种基于代理引导的大模型演化框架,用于自动发现宏单元布局顺序策略。不同于传统基于面积或连接性的手动启发式规则,OrderPlace探索从静态评分到动态物理启发机制在内的代码级策略空间。为降低序列评估成本,引入轻量级代理评估机制,通过确定性贪心探测高效筛选候选方案。在标准ISPD 2005基准上的实验表明,OrderPlace发现了新型布局顺序策略,相比WireMask-EA和当前最优方法EGPlace,分别实现34.04%和14.08%的布线长度降低。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Macro placement is a fundamental step in modern chip physical design, playing a crucial role in determining the solution quality of high-dimensional combinatorial optimization problems. Despite recent advancements in machine learning for spatial coordinate determination, the temporal dimension of placement sequencing remains largely governed by static heuristics. In this work, we demonstrate that the placement sequence is not merely a preprocessing step but a decisive factor in optimization, where suboptimal early decisions trigger irreversible domino effects that constrain the solution space. To harness this unexplored dimension, we propose \textbf{OrderPlace}, a proxy-guided LLM evolution framework for automatically discovering macro placement order strategies. Instead of relying on manually crafted heuristics such as area- or connectivity-based ordering, OrderPlace explores a broader space of code-level policies, ranging from static scoring metrics to dynamic physics-inspired mechanisms. To mitigate the prohibitive cost of evaluating sequences, we introduce a lightweight proxy evaluation mechanism that efficiently filters candidates using a deterministic greedy probe. Experimental results on the standard ISPD 2005 benchmarks demonstrate that OrderPlace discovers novel ordering strategies. Compared with WireMask-EA and the state-of-the-art method EGPlace, OrderPlace reduces wirelength by 34.04\% and 14.08\%, respectively.

芯片设计大模型布局优化EDA

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