无需掩码,用扩散模型精准去除超声图像标记并保持解剖结构真实。
Echo-DM: Ultrasound Marker Removal via Conditional Latent Diffusion and Region-Aware Fusion

- 基于条件潜空间扩散模型,端到端无掩码修复标记区域。
- 在Echo-PAIR数据集上优于主流两阶段方法,纹理和解剖结构保留更佳。
- 适合临床超声自动化分析前处理,尤其关注模型公平性与真实性。
临床超声图像常包含测量标尺、文字等人工标记,用于辅助诊断与对比。但这些标记可能引入捷径偏差,导致深度学习模型依赖标记线索而非真实解剖特征。现有方法或依赖掩码易传播误差,或为确定性修复会过度平滑纹理并扰动背景。本文提出Echo-DM,一种基于条件潜空间扩散与区域感知融合的超声标记移除框架。其采用编码器-扩散-解码器架构,由基于DiT的条件潜空间扩散网络完成全局修复,结合区域感知融合模块在无掩码条件下实现图像空间的保真优化。在此固定结构基础上,分别构建基于VAE和RAE的Echo-DM-V与Echo-DM-R,验证了架构对不同潜变量模块的兼容性。在大规模成对临床超声数据集Echo-PAIR上的实验表明,该方法显著优于代表性两阶段基线,在标记移除效果与解剖保真度方面表现更优,且在部署场景中具备良好质量-效率权衡。数据、代码与模型将公开于https://github.com/MiliLab/Echo-DM。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Clinical ultrasound images often contain artificial markers, such as measurement calipers and text, to assist diagnostic interpretation and comparison. However, these markers can introduce shortcut bias in downstream automated analysis, encouraging deep learning models to rely on marker-related cues rather than clinically meaningful anatomy. Existing marker removal methods are either mask-dependent and vulnerable to error propagation, or mask-free deterministic restorers that may over-smooth ultrasound texture and perturb unaffected background regions. To address these challenges, we present Echo-DM, a framework for ultrasound marker removal via conditional latent diffusion and region-aware fusion. Echo-DM follows a common encoder-diffusion-decoder pipeline, where a DiT-based conditional latent diffusion network performs global restoration and a region-aware fusion module enforces preservation-aware image-space refinement under end-to-end mask-free inference. Building on this fixed core design, we further instantiate Echo-DM-V and Echo-DM-R with VAE-based and RAE-based latent modules, respectively, which demonstrates that the Echo-DM architecture is compatible with diverse latent-module instantiations. Extensive experiments on Echo-PAIR, a large-scale paired clinical ultrasound dataset, demonstrate superior marker removal and strong anatomical fidelity compared with representative two-stage baselines, while providing favorable quality--efficiency trade-offs across deployment settings. Data, code and models will be released at https://github.com/MiliLab/Echo-DM.
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