开源4D相位对比MRI流水线，实现肌肉运动与应变的快速定量分析
Vendor-agnostic 4D Phase Contrast MRI: a complete open-source pipeline for velocities, displacement, and strain analysis
- 基于压缩感知加速的开放源码成像流程，兼容多品牌设备
- 扫描时间从35/80分钟缩短至5/11分钟，峰值应变达0.49（股外侧肌）
- 可提取应变曲线参数，适合运动医学与康复研究者使用
相位对比MRI（PC MRI）可量化组织运动与应变。尽管应用日益广泛，但标准化、跨厂商的加速采集流程仍稀缺。本文提出一个完全开源的4D流速PC-MRI流水线，集成在PyPulseq中实现压缩感知加速序列，采用BART进行重建，并完成应变分析。此外，开发了梯度探测序列以确保不同扫描仪方向与厂商间速度符号正确性。该流程在两台西门子MRI系统（3T MAGNETOM Prisma和3T Vida Fit）上验证，应用于前臂（指浅屈肌，n=9）与大腿（股外侧肌，n=10）在神经肌肉电刺激（NMES）诱导收缩中的成像。压缩感知将臂部与腿部扫描时间分别由35分钟和80分钟降至5分钟和11分钟。肌肉应变图与双曲正切拟合曲线可提取峰值应变、平均应变与建立速率。股外侧肌应变约为指浅屈肌的十倍（中位峰值应变0.49 vs. 0.063，平均应变0.31 vs. 0.031）。该流水线展示多平台兼容性，提供可复现的开放框架用于定量肌肉成像。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Phase contrast MRI (PC MRI) enables quantitative assessment of tissue motion and strain. Although it is increasingly used, standardized, vendor-agnostic pipelines for accelerated acquisitions remain scarce. We present a fully open-source 4D flow PC-MRI pipeline integrating a compressed sensing-accelerated sequence implemented in PyPulseq, BART-based reconstruction, and strain analysis. Additionally, a gradient probing sequence was developed to ensure correct velocity sign assignment across scanner orientations and vendors. The pipeline was validated across two Siemens MRI systems (3T MAGNETOM Prisma and 3T Vida Fit) in two anatomical applications: forearm (Flexor Digitorum Superficialis, n=9) and thigh (Vastus Lateralis, n=10) during Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES)-induced contractions. Compressed sensing reduced acquisition times from 35 and 80 minutes to 5 and 11 minutes for the arm and leg acquisitions, respectively. Muscle strain maps and sigmoid-fitted strain curves enabled extraction of peak strain, mean strain, and buildup rate. Strains in the Vastus Lateralis were approximately one order of magnitude higher than in the Flexor Digitorum Superficialis (median peak strain 0.49 vs. 0.063, mean strain 0.31 vs. 0.031). The pipeline demonstrates multi-platform compatibility and provides a reproducible, open framework for quantitative muscle imaging.
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