考虑人类驾驶行为不确定性,提升自动驾驶在混合交通中的安全决策能力。
Uncertainty-Aware Motion Planning for Autonomous Driving in Mixed Traffic Environment

- 引入交互感知的不确定性估计,量化人类意图预测的不确定性。
- 通过不确定性校准的价值学习,避免错误意图导致的安全风险。
- 适合关注自动驾驶安全与鲁棒性的研究者和工程师。
在自动驾驶与人工驾驶车辆共存的混合交通环境中,自动驾驶车辆需预判周围人类驾驶员的未来行为。现有基于强化学习的方法通常将预测的人类意图直接作为观测输入以实现主动规划,但人类意图因行为多样性、感知噪声和部分可观测性而具有固有不确定性。将预测意图视为确定状态可能导致自动驾驶车辆做出不安全决策。为此,本文提出不确定性感知运动规划(UAMP),将人类意图预测的不确定性融入自动驾驶决策中。具体而言,UAMP首先引入一种邻近感知的不确定性估计器,量化交互条件下的意图不确定性,并构建一个不确定性引导的联合意图分布。在此不确定性集合内,进一步设计不确定性校准的价值学习方法(UCVL),纠正因直接将不确定意图预测纳入观测所导致的价值函数学习偏差。大量实验表明,相比现有方法,UAMP显著提升了安全性与驾驶舒适性,同时保持了交通效率。代码已开源。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
In mixed-traffic environments where autonomous and human-driven vehicles may co-exist, motion planning for autonomous vehicles requires anticipating the future behaviors of surrounding human drivers. Existing reinforcement learning-based methods generally directly incorporate the predicted human intents into the observation to enable a proactive planning. However, human intent is inherently uncertain due to the behavioral diversity, perception noise, and partial observability. Treating predicted intends as deterministic states can result in unsafe decisions for autonomous vehicles. To address this problem, we propose Uncertainty-Aware Motion Planning (UAMP), which incorporates uncertainty in human intent prediction for AV decision-making. Specifically, UAMP first introduces a proximity-aware uncertainty estimator to quantify the interaction-conditioned intent uncertainty and constructs an uncertainty-guided joint intent distribution over surrounding human-driven vehicles. Within this uncertainty set, UAMP further introduces Uncertainty-Calibrated Value Learning (UCVL) to correct value function learning biases arising from directly incorporating uncertain human intent predictions into the observation. Extensive experiments in various mixed-traffic scenarios show that UAMP significantly improves safety and driving comfort, while maintaining traffic efficiency compared with existing approaches. The code is released at https://anonymous.4open.science/r/UAMP-5638.
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