提出首个连续概率子图拼接方法,提升大规模地图构建精度与一致性。
Information-Preserving Continuous Occupancy Mapping with Variance-Weighted Submap Joining

- 基于稀疏贝叶斯框架,将占用观测压缩为保留后验信息的对数似然元组。
- 实现闭式预测均值与方差估计,支持解析雅可比计算,提升拼接精度。
- 适合高精度、大场景SLAM系统,尤其关注不确定性建模与紧凑表示的场景。
大规模同步定位与地图构建(SLAM)因轨迹漂移累积和全局一致性维护带来的计算成本而面临挑战。子图拼接通过构建局部一致的子图并融合为全局地图缓解了这些问题。然而,现有基于占用的子图拼接方法采用离散网格,导致优化过程中梯度不平滑,并忽略占用估计的不确定性。本文提出首个连续概率子图拼接框架,联合优化子图位姿与全局占用场,工作于潜在对数似然空间。该框架采用信息保持的稀疏贝叶斯形式,将原始占用观测压缩为充分统计量对数似然元组,同时保留原始观测的后验信息。由此获得占用映射的闭式预测均值与方差估计,直接支持具有解析雅可比的子图拼接,从而在位姿收敛时生成闭式最优全局地图。在模拟与大规模真实数据集上的实验表明,该方法相比最先进的基于网格的子图拼接方法,实现了更高的位姿精度与更优的全局一致性;同时,其地图表示更紧凑,不确定性估计更校准,优于现有连续占用映射方法。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Large-scale SLAM remains challenging due to accumulated trajectory drift and the increasing computational cost of maintaining global consistency. Submap joining alleviates these issues by constructing locally consistent submaps and subsequently fusing them into a global map. However, existing occupancy-based submap joining methods operate on discrete grids, resulting in non-smooth gradients during optimization and neglecting the uncertainty associated with occupancy estimates. We propose the first continuous probabilistic submap joining framework that jointly optimizes submap poses and a global occupancy field in the latent log-odds space. The framework employs an information-preserving sparse Bayesian formulation that compresses raw occupancy observations into sufficient-statistic log-odds tuples while retaining the posterior information of the original observations. This yields closed-form predictive mean and variance estimates for occupancy mapping, which directly enable a submap joining formulation with analytical Jacobians, leading to more accurate submap joining and yielding a closed-form optimal global map upon pose convergence. Experiments on both simulated and large-scale real-world datasets demonstrate that the proposed method achieves higher pose accuracy and improved global consistency than state-of-the-art grid-based submap joining approaches, while producing more compact map representations and better-calibrated uncertainty estimates than existing continuous occupancy mapping methods.
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