基于李群结构的优化方法,让刚体轨迹规划更稳定高效。
LieIPM: Lie Group Interior Point Method for Direct Trajectory Optimization of Rigid Bodies

- 在李群上直接优化刚体运动,保留旋转几何结构
- 相比通用求解器收敛更快,且避免奇点问题
- 适合需要高精度轨迹规划的机器人系统
为刚体设计动力学可行轨迹是机器人领域的基础问题。尽管直接法广泛应用,现有约束优化器通常在欧氏空间中操作,忽略了刚体运动的流形结构,可能导致奇点或病态优化问题。为此,我们提出一种基于矩阵李群的结构感知框架,直接在李群上进行约束轨迹优化。该方法基于二阶刚体模型,利用李群结构实现高效的牛顿型更新,同时保持底层几何特性。在此基础上,我们提出了线搜索李群内点法(LieIPM)以处理流形上的约束。通过李群变分积分器实例化框架,并推导出利用群对称性的闭式内在导数。LieIPM天然保持旋转运动的拓扑结构,避免奇点。数值结果表明,其鲁棒性优于通用求解器,收敛速度也快于结构感知最优控制方法。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Designing dynamically feasible trajectories for rigid bodies is a fundamental problem in robotics. While direct methods are widely used, the existing constrained optimizers typically operate in Euclidean space and ignore the manifold structure of rigid body motions. This mismatch may introduce singularities or lead to poorly conditioned optimization problems. To bridge this gap, we develop a structure-aware framework for constrained trajectory optimization directly on matrix Lie groups. Our approach is based on the second-order rigid body models utilizing Lie group structures, which enables efficient Newton-type updates while preserving the underlying geometry. Building on this model, we propose a line-search Lie Group Interior Point Method (LieIPM) to handle constraints on the manifolds. We instantiate the framework for rigid body motion planning using Lie group variational integrators and derive closed-form intrinsic derivatives that exploit group symmetries. The LieIPM preserves the topology of rotation motions by construction and avoids singularities. Numerical results demonstrate superior robustness and faster convergence compared to general-purpose solvers and structure-exploiting optimal control methods.
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