用生成式AI预判多种充电场景,提升物联网无线充电调度的鲁棒性。
Toward Proactive RF Charging Scheduling: Generative AI for Decision Support

- 用生成式AI构建不确定性感知的充电场景预测层,辅助调度决策。
- 在仓库场景中,相比确定性预测,能显著提升风险敏感目标下的充电效果。
- 适合关注物联网无线供电、智能调度的科研与工程人员阅读。
射频无线电力传输(RF-WPT)是未来物联网系统实现不间断通信的关键技术,可减少电池更换需求并缓解电池污染问题。大规模部署面临调度层面的资源分配挑战:发射端需在资源有限、接收端信息不全及未来充电条件不确定的情况下,决定对谁、何时、充多少电。本文提出将生成式人工智能(GenAI)作为不确定性感知的辅助决策工具,而非独立预测或决策模型。通过重新审视RF-WPT调度核心挑战,探讨主流GenAI模型如何基于粗粒度上下文和接收端信息生成多场景输入,以支持下游任务。基于仓库场景案例研究发现,保留不确定性并通过生成模型采样,相较于确定性预测和简单非学习基线,在风险敏感目标下可显著提升充电决策鲁棒性。最后,识别关键开放挑战并提出未来研究方向。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Radio frequency wireless power transfer (RF-WPT) is an enabling technology for supporting uninterrupted communications in future Internet of Things systems by reducing the need for battery replacement and mitigating battery-waste-related issues. For large-scale RF-WPT deployment, one of the main challenges is the scheduler-level resource allocation. Specifically, the transmitter must decide how much energy to deliver, when, and to whom, under limited charging resources, incomplete receiver-side information, and uncertain near-future charging conditions. This article positions generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) as a promising tool for this setting because it can foresee multiple plausible charging scenarios conditioned on coarse operational context and receiver-side information. We propose GenAI to act as an uncertainty-aware support layer for the RF-WPT scheduler rather than as a standalone forecasting or decision-making tool. To this end, we first revisit the main challenges of RF-WPT scheduling, and discuss how major GenAI families can support uncertainty-aware charging decisions by generating scenario-based inputs for downstream tasks. We then present a warehouse-style case study showing that preserving uncertainty through the sampling capability of generative models can improve robust charging decisions compared with deterministic prediction and simple non-learning baselines, especially under risk-sensitive objectives. Finally, we identify key open challenges and present some directions for future research.
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