arXiv:2606.11357cs.DCcs.AI2026-06

让AMD NPU直接跑主流量化LLM,性能提升超2倍。

TileFuse: A Fused Mixed-Precision Kernel Library for Efficient Quantized LLM Inference on AMD NPUs

论文配图:TileFuse: A Fused Mixed-Precision Kernel Library for Efficient Quantized LLM Inference on AMD NPUs
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 将AWQ类量化格式无缝融入AMD XDNA2核,无需重调模型。
  • 融合解包、反量化与计算,GEMM提速121.6%,GEMV提速281%。
  • 适合想在边缘设备高效部署量化LLM的开发者和硬件团队。

随着对设备端LLM推理需求的增长,边缘SoC越来越多集成NPU以在严苛功耗与散热条件下提升性能与能效。然而,当前客户端NPU上部署实际LLM仍面临挑战:广泛使用的量化格式如AWQ难以适配多数现有NPU软件栈,而这些栈往往为专有系统且提供有限底层控制。本文提出TileFuse,一个面向AMD XDNA2 NPU的近金属级混合精度内核库,专注于量化LLM推理中的GEMM/GEMV算子。TileFuse将实际低比特格式如AWQ风格的W4A16和W8A16直接引入XDNA2,而非强制模型适配NPU特有量化方案。它协同设计权重布局、元数据放置、混合精度微内核及阵列级数据流:具体而言,将解包、反量化与GEMM/GEMV执行融合为单一内核流程,引入交错预分块布局支持高达32K的GEMM维度,并重构GEMV数据流以充分利用4x8 AIE阵列。在内核级评测中,TileFuse相较全精度基线使GEMM性能提升最高达121.6%,GEMV提升281%;在GEMM上相较强iGPU基线实现超过2倍的性能与能效提升。在Ryzen AI笔记本端到端LLM实验中,TileFuse使预填充延迟降低最高2.0倍,能耗下降超过64.6%。结果表明,XDNA2是实现AWQ风格边缘LLM推理的实际可行目标,且原生支持现成量化格式可显著提升NPU在真实客户端部署中的可用性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

With the growing demand for on-device LLM inference, edge SoCs increasingly integrate NPUs to improve performance and energy efficiency under tight power and thermal budgets. However, practical LLM deployment on current client NPUs remains difficult: widely used quantization formats such as AWQ do not map cleanly onto many existing NPU software stacks, which are often proprietary and expose limited low-level control. In this work, we present TileFuse, a close-to-metal mixed-precision kernel library for AMD XDNA2 NPUs that targets GEMM/GEMV-based operators in quantized LLM inference. TileFuse brings practical low-bit formats such as AWQ-style W4A16 and W8A16 directly onto XDNA2, rather than forcing the model to be reshaped around an NPU-specific quantization scheme. TileFuse co-designs weight layout, metadata placement, mixed-precision microkernels, and array-level dataflow. Specifically, it fuses unpacking, dequantization, and GEMM/GEMV execution into a single kernel flow, introduces an interleaved pre-tiling layout that supports GEMM dimensions up to 32K, and redesigns GEMV dataflow to utilize the full 4x8 AIE array. Across kernel-level evaluations, TileFuse improves performance by up to 121.6% for GEMM and 281% for GEMV over full-precision baselines, while delivering more than 2x performance and energy-efficiency gains over strong iGPU baselines on GEMM. In end-to-end LLM experiments on Ryzen AI laptops, TileFuse achieves up to 2.0x lower prefilling latency with more than 64.6% lower energy consumption. Together, these results show that XDNA2 is a practical target for AWQ-style edge LLM inference and that native NPU support for off-the-shelf quantization can make NPUs substantially more usable in real client deployments.

LLM推理量化NPU优化混合精度

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