arXiv:2606.11379cs.AI2026-06

用结构化大模型流水线实现低成本预调解,效果接近真人调解员。

Automated Mediator for Human Negotiation: Pre-Mediation via a Structured LLM Pipeline

论文配图:Automated Mediator for Human Negotiation: Pre-Mediation via a Structured LLM Pipeline
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 分模块流水线处理对话、偏好预测与反馈,避免单次提示的局限。
  • 在偏好推断任务上误差比真人低36%,自我报告信任度相当。
  • 适合需要快速部署、多边同步的协商场景,如法律或商业谈判。

预调解是达成互利协议的关键准备阶段,但常因成本高、耗时长及专业调解员稀缺而被省略。本文提出一种基于结构化大模型流水线的自动化调解系统,用于整合式协商场景下的预调解。该系统将准备过程拆分为对话分析、偏好预测、响应级批评和结构化摘要四个专用模块,通过分离推理、生成与评估来克服单一提示方法的不足。各模块以固定顺序传递输出,不具自主性也不相互交互。我们在两个受控的人类实验中,对比了该AI预调解系统与专业人类调解员在多议题协商中的表现。结果显示,在短期自评指标上,系统在信任度和达成互利协议的信心方面与人类调解员基本相当;同时在偏好推断任务上,误差率降低36%(RMSE)。第二项研究显示,经针对性提示优化后,过度认同现象从36.6%降至16.8%,达到人类基准水平。结果表明,结构化大模型流水线可提供可扩展、低投入的预调解支持,效果在短期内与人类调解员相当。其单方设计符合当前人类调解实践,并支持多方并行部署,具备良好扩展性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Pre-mediation, the preparatory phase preceding direct human negotiation, plays a critical role in achieving mutually beneficial agreements, yet is often omitted due to cost, time, and limited access to trained mediators. We introduce an automated mediator for human negotiation, implemented as a structured pipeline of LLM modules, that supports pre-mediation in integrative negotiation settings. The pipeline decomposes preparation into specialized modules for dialogue, preference prediction, response-level critique, and structured summarization, separating inference, generation, and evaluation to address limitations of monolithic single-prompt approaches. We use the term "agent" for each module following common LLM-systems terminology, but the components are not autonomous and do not interact peer-to-peer; outputs are passed forward in a fixed sequence. We evaluate the system in two controlled human-subject experiments comparing AI-based pre-mediation with professional human mediators in a multi-issue negotiation scenario. On short-term self-reported measures, the automated mediator achieves preparation outcomes broadly comparable to human mediators, including trust in the mediator and confidence in reaching mutually beneficial agreements, while achieving substantially lower error on the preference-inference task under our scenario and prompts (36% lower RMSE). A second study shows that targeted prompt refinements reduce excessive affirmation patterns from 36.6% to 16.8%, matching human mediator baselines. Our findings suggest that structured LLM pipelines can provide scalable, low-effort pre-mediation support broadly comparable to human mediators on short-term self-reported preparation outcomes. The pipeline's single-party design mirrors how human mediators run pre-mediation today and enables parallel deployment across all parties to a dispute, supporting scalability.

AI调解大模型应用协商系统预调解

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