用几何感知模型实现跨环境无线定位,无需固定基站
OmniLoc: A Geometry-Aware Foundation Model for Anchor-Free UE Localization Across Diverse Indoor Environments

- 将异构无线信号统一编码为可学习表示
- 通过几何感知注意力聚焦主要信号源,融合辅助信号
- 基于环境几何嵌入回归位置,提升跨场景泛化能力
室内无线定位在大规模部署中仍具挑战,源于建筑结构、可检测接入点(AP)集合及接收信号异质性的显著差异。现有基于学习的方法多仅在有限场景下表现良好,面对环境变化时性能下降,导致跨环境无锚点定位极为困难。本文提出OmniLoc,首个直接基于无线测量的环境交互式基础模型,用于跨多样室内环境的无锚点用户设备定位。OmniLoc包含三大设计:首先,统一输入分词模块将异构无线测量转换为通用表征;其次,几何感知Transformer通过强调主导AP并聚合支持性证据实现AP感知特征提取;第三,几何感知定位模块基于几何嵌入条件回归,生成几何一致的位置预测。我们在大规模自建数据集和公开基准数据集上评估,结果表明OmniLoc显著优于现有方法,在跨环境测试中展现强泛化能力,且其组件可提升现有骨干网络性能。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Indoor localization from wireless measurements remains challenging in large-scale deployments due to substantial variation in building geometry, the set of detectable access points (APs), and the heterogeneity of received signals. Existing learning-based methods often perform well only in limited settings and degrade under environmental shifts, making robust anchor-free localization across diverse indoor environments notoriously difficult. In this paper, we present OmniLoc, an environment-interactive foundation model for anchor-free user equipment localization across diverse indoor environments. To the best of our knowledge, OmniLoc is the first foundation-model-based approach built directly on wireless measurements for this task. OmniLoc is built on three key designs. First, a unified input tokenization module converts heterogeneous wireless measurements into a common representation that is more amenable to learning. Second, a geometry-aware Transformer performs AP-aware feature extraction by emphasizing dominant APs while aggregating complementary evidence from supporting APs. Third, a geometry-aware location estimation module conditions regression on geometric embeddings to produce geometrically consistent location predictions. We evaluate OmniLoc on both a large-scale in-house dataset and a public benchmark dataset. Results show that OmniLoc significantly outperforms existing methods, consistently improves existing backbones when its design components are integrated, and demonstrates strong generalization in cross-environment evaluations.
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