arXiv:2606.11500eess.IVcs.CE2026-06被引 3

FlexiBrain无需标准化即可直接处理原始脑成像数据,显著提升分析效率与精度。

FlexiBrain: Resolution-Agnostic Voxel-Level Encoding for Native fMRI

论文配图:FlexiBrain: Resolution-Agnostic Voxel-Level Encoding for Native fMRI
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 以真实物理单位定义图像块,动态调整大小,避免空间标准化破坏解剖信息
  • 在5个神经科学任务中表现优于现有方法,最高提升12个百分点
  • 可直接接入现有流程,大幅降低预处理耗时,适合高效构建脑影像基础模型

大规模深度学习在神经科学中的成功受到严重数据异质性的制约。来自不同来源的原始功能磁共振成像(fMRI)数据在空间和时间分辨率上差异显著。现有框架普遍依赖冗长且僵化的预处理流程以统一数据,这带来两个关键问题:(1) 可能损害个体特异性解剖信息;(2) 造成显著计算开销,每名受试者需数小时处理。本文提出FlexiBrain,一种基于Mamba-JEPA的分辨率无关体素级编码框架。该框架以真实物理单位定义图像块并采用动态块重采样,从而跳过破坏性空间标准化,实现对原生空间数据的直接输入。我们使用高效的Mamba-JEPA主干网络建模高维4D fMRI信号。在五个多样化下游神经科学任务中,FlexiBrain持续优于近期最先进方法,且无需外部数据增强,最高提升达12个百分点。重要的是,FlexiBrain作为无缝插件模块,显著降低预处理成本,加速稳健体素级fMRI基础模型的开发。代码已开源:https://github.com/OneMore1/FlexiBrain。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

The success of large-scale deep learning models in neuroscience is fundamentally constrained by severe data heterogeneity. Native fMRI data aggregated from diverse sources exhibit substantial variation in both spatial and temporal resolutions. Consequently, most existing frameworks rely on lengthy, rigid preprocessing pipelines that enforce uniformity across datasets. This practice introduces two critical limitations: (1) potential degradation of subject-specific anatomical information; (2) significant computational overhead, often requiring hours of processing per subject. Here, we propose FlexiBrain, a resolution-agnostic voxel-level encoding framework for native fMRI based on Mamba-JEPA. FlexiBrain defines patch sizes in real-world physical units and employs a dynamic patch resizing, thereby bypassing destructive spatial standardization while enabling direct ingestion of data in native space. We instantiate the framework using an efficient Mamba-JEPA backbone to model high-dimensional 4D fMRI signals. Across five diverse downstream neuroscience tasks, FlexiBrain consistently outperforms recent state-of-the-art methods, achieving gains of up to 12 percentage points without external data augmentation. Importantly, FlexiBrain functions as a seamless plug-in module, substantially reducing preprocessing costs and accelerating the development of robust voxel-level fMRI foundation models. Code is available at https://github.com/OneMore1/FlexiBrain.

fMRI深度学习神经科学体素编码

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