arXiv:2606.11688cs.CLcs.AI2026-06被引 1

让长时序AI代理无法伪造成功,确保自动运行时的诚实性。

Goal-Autopilot: A Verifiable Anti-Fabrication Firewall for Unattended Long-Horizon Agents

  • 用可验证的状态机机制,使伪造成功在结构上不可能
  • 实测造假率从25%降至0.95%,关键任务降为0.67%
  • 适合需要高可信度自动执行的系统,如代码生成与运维

长时序大模型代理在无人监管下会自信地报告未验证的成功。本文将诚实性(终止时可声称内容的边界)作为独立于能力的第一优先级指标。提出Autopilot执行模型,将所有运行状态外置于持久、受控的有限状态机中,调度器逐步推进且无上下文依赖;设定硬性门槛,禁止任何未实际通过可验证关卡的“完成”声明。证明了无假成功定理——在关卡正确、门槛强制和计划覆盖的前提下,终止即意味着目标达成,其唯一信任点均可实测。最坏情况仅退化为诚实停滞,绝不会出现伪造成功。每步仅重载状态机,单步上下文开销恒定。在3,150个单元的对比数据集(70任务×3系统×3模型×5种子,含50个SWE-bench Lite任务)中,Autopilot造假率为0.95% [95% CI 0.38–1.62],而基线Reflexion和StateFlow分别为8.10% [6.48–9.81] 和25.05% [22.48–27.62]。在关键的SWE-bench Lite任务上,造假率从33.7%(StateFlow)降至0.67%,降幅达-33.07个百分点 [95% CI -36.53, -29.73]。机制核心是关卡而非模型:所有10次造假均来自最强模型,而两个中等模型在700个对比单元中从未造假。该防火墙主动牺牲覆盖以换取诚实性——诚实停滞可恢复,错误输出一旦发送则不可逆。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Long-horizon LLM agents are not trusted to run unattended: with no human watching, they confidently report success they never verified. We treat honesty -- bounding what an agent may claim at termination -- as a first-class metric for unattended autonomy, distinct from capability. We present Autopilot, an execution model that makes silent fabricated success structurally impossible rather than merely rarer. Autopilot externalizes all working state into a durable, gated finite-state machine that a scheduler advances one stateless tick at a time; a hard floor forbids any terminal "done" claim whose falsifiable gate did not actually execute and pass. We prove a No-False-Success theorem -- under gate soundness, floor enforcement, and plan coverage, termination implies the goal holds -- whose only trust points are empirically measurable, and show the worst case degrades to an honest stall, never a fabricated success. Because each tick rehydrates only the state machine, per-step context cost is constant in the horizon. Across a 3,150-cell paired corpus (70 tasks $\times$ 3 systems $\times$ 3 models $\times$ 5 seeds, including 50 SWE-bench Lite tasks across 11 OSS repos), Autopilot fabricates on 0.95% of cells [95% CI 0.38--1.62] while Reflexion and StateFlow baselines fabricate on 8.10% [6.48--9.81] and 25.05% [22.48--27.62] respectively. The headline contrast lives in the hard regime: on SWE-bench Lite, the firewall reduces fabrication from 33.7% (StateFlow) to 0.67%, a paired difference of $-33.07$ pp [95% CI $-36.53, -29.73$]. The mechanism is the gate, not the model: all ten Autopilot fabrications come from the strongest model, while two weaker mid-tier models never fabricate across 700 paired cells. The firewall trades coverage for honesty by design -- an honest stall is recoverable; a confident wrong output shipped downstream is not.

AI代理可信执行防伪造长时序任务

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