arXiv:2606.11700cs.IR2026-06被引 1

通过压缩令牌和免解码评分,实现高效大模型重排序。

CompRank: Efficient LLM Reranking via Token-Level Compression and Decoding-Free Scoring

论文配图:CompRank: Efficient LLM Reranking via Token-Level Compression and Decoding-Free Scoring
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 分离文档表示与查询上下文,支持文档状态复用。
  • 仅保留10.2%文档令牌,平均NDCG@10达39.2。
  • 适合大规模候选列表的高速重排序场景。

大型语言模型(LLM)重排序器已成为现代检索与检索增强生成流程的关键组件,但其高计算成本限制了在长候选列表中的应用。本文提出CompRank,一种基于令牌级压缩与免解码评分的高效重排序框架。该方法通过解耦文档表示与候选顺序及查询上下文,实现文档侧状态复用;采用分段令牌压缩以降低查询-文档交互开销;引入类似CopyNet的目标函数,直接对齐注意力得分与训练监督。在七个BEIR数据集上的实验表明,CompRank仅保留10.2%的文档令牌,仍保持优异性能,平均NDCG@10为39.2,接近全令牌注意力下的39.7。在TREC-COVID上的扩展实验显示,其在训练于30个候选文档后,仍能稳定处理高达500个候选文档的列表,相比生成式列表重排序实现4.9×–9.5×的端到端加速,比全令牌版本快约1.3倍。结果表明,令牌级压缩与免解码注意力评分是实现可扩展大模型重排序的有效路径。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Large language model (LLM) rerankers have become an important component of modern retrieval and retrieval-augmented generation pipelines, but their high computational cost limits their applicability to long candidate lists. In this paper, we propose \textbf{CompRank}, a token-efficient reranking framework that reduces redundant computation by aligning reranker design with the sparsity of ranking signals. CompRank decouples document representations from candidate order and query context, enabling reusable document-side states; applies segment-wise token compression to reduce query--document interaction cost; and introduces a CopyNet-style objective that directly aligns attention-based document scoring with training supervision. Experiments on seven BEIR datasets show that CompRank achieves strong reranking performance while retaining only 10.2\% of document tokens, reaching an average NDCG@10 of 39.2 compared with 39.7 under full-token attention. Further scaling experiments on TREC-COVID show that CompRank remains stable when evaluated on candidate lists of up to 500 documents after training on 30-document lists, while achieving $4.9\times$--$9.5\times$ end-to-end speedup over generation-based listwise reranking and approximately $1.3\times$ speedup over the full-token CompRank variant. These results suggest that token-level compression and decoding-free attention scoring provide an effective path toward scalable LLM-based reranking.

大模型重排序压缩效率

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