外骨骼让潜水员用同样气体多游42.9%，续航提升54.9%。
Improving Human Diving Endurance with a Field-Deployable, Untethered Exoskeleton
- 设计可野外部署的无绳外骨骼，实时提供踢腿助力
- 相同气体下航行距离增42.9%，潜水时长延长54.9%
- 降低肌肉激活和耗气率，适合水下探索与救援任务
人类在水下移动的耐力受高能耗对抗阻力及自携呼吸气体有限的制约。尽管外骨骼可降低陆地行走的代谢成本，但其在水下潜水中的潜力尚未探索。本文提出DiveMate，一种可在真实水下环境中部署的无绳外骨骼，通过自适应踢腿辅助提升潜水耐力。自然环境下测试显示，该设备使相同能量（呼吸气体）下的行进距离提高42.9%，潜水时间延长54.9%，净耗气率下降47.0%。肌肉激活显著降低，运动学特征更稳定，体现更高的能量效率。结果表明外骨骼辅助可有效增强潜水耐力，拓展人类水下探索能力。本研究拓展了外骨骼应用边界，为未来水下助动装置的设计评估提供参考。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Human endurance in underwater locomotion is fundamentally restricted by high energetic demands to overcome drag and the finite supply of self-contained breathing gas. While exoskeleton technology can reduce the metabolic cost of humans in terrestrial locomotion, its potential to enhance human endurance during underwater diving remains entirely unexplored. Here, we present DiveMate, a field-deployable, untethered exoskeleton designed to improve human diving endurance via adaptive kick assistance in real-world underwater environments. During naturalistic diving, DiveMate increases the travel distance using a given energy (breathing gas) by 42.9% and extends dive duration by 54.9% through reducing gas consumption rate. Marked reductions in muscle activation indicate a decrease in physiological exertion, with the net gas consumption rate decreasing by 47.0%. Kinematic characteristics and regularity improvements further underpin efficient energy economy. These results suggest that applying exoskeleton assistance is beneficial for improving human diving endurance and augmenting their ability to explore the aquatic world. This study extends the application frontier of exoskeletons and provides a potential reference for the design and assessment of future underwater assistive devices.
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