系统梳理大模型智能体环境的构建与演化,助力智能体持续进化。
Agentic Environment Engineering for Large Language Models: A Survey of Environment Modeling, Synthesis, Evaluation, and Application

- 从建模、合成到评估,全流程解析智能体环境工程方法。
- 提出四类智能体进化路径与三类环境演化范式。
- 适合关注智能体交互与环境设计的研究者阅读。
环境作为大语言模型(LLM)智能体在多样化场景中的交互系统,对推动模型能力持续演进至关重要。然而,现有研究缺乏系统性分类与深入分析。本文从环境工程生命周期视角,系统研究当前关于智能体环境的成果,涵盖建模、合成、评估与应用。首先,从八个属性与八个领域介绍代表性环境,剖析其发展路径并突出核心能力。其次,针对自动化环境合成,提出符号化合成与神经合成两类范式,并展示各范式下的评估方法。第三,从智能体-环境协同演进角度探讨环境应用,揭示四类智能体进化路径:以记忆为中心的经验演化、以编排为中心的工作流演化、以轨迹为中心的离线演化、以探索为中心的在线演化;识别出三类环境演化范式:神经驱动、难度驱动与规模驱动。最后,展望未来方向,包括环境即服务、多智能体环境与神经符号环境。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Environments serve as interactive systems for large language model (LLM) based agents across diverse scenarios and play a crucial role in driving the continual evolution of model capabilities. Despite this importance, existing work lacks a systematic categorization and deep analysis. This paper systematically studies current researches on agentic environments from the perspective of the environment engineering lifecycle, covering their modeling, synthesis, evaluation and application. Specifically, the paper first introduces representative environments from the perspectives of eight attributes and eight domains, providing detailed analyses of their development paths and highlighting their core capabilities. Second, for automated environment synthesis, two paradigms are introduced, such as symbolic synthesis and neural synthesis. This paper also shows different environment evaluation methods in each paradigm. Thirdly, the corresponding environment applications from the perspective of agent-environment co-evolution are discussed. In specific, the paper characterizes the primary pathways for agent evolution in dynamic environments from four complementary perspectives: memory-centric experience evolution, orchestration-centric workflow evolution, trajectory-centric offline evolution, and exploration-centric online evolution. And three paradigms of environment evolution are identified, namely neural-driven, difficulty-driven, and scaling-driven approaches. At last, several promising future directions are discussed, including Environment-as-a-Service, Multi-agent Environments, and Neural-Symbolic Environments.
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