arXiv:2606.12699cs.LGcs.AI2026-06

用大模型融合可穿戴数据,提升糖尿病血糖预测与分型准确率。

LLM-Powered Personalized Glycemic Assessment in Type 2 Diabetes with Wearable Sensor Data

论文配图:LLM-Powered Personalized Glycemic Assessment in Type 2 Diabetes with Wearable Sensor Data
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 基于大模型整合血糖仪与多源健康信息,实现动态建模。
  • 血糖预测误差降低13.66%,分型识别效果提升13.08%。
  • 问卷与体征数据比其他信息更关键,适合临床决策支持。

2型糖尿病(T2D)正构成日益严峻的全球健康挑战,亟需高效精准的血糖评估以推动个性化诊疗。连续血糖监测(CGM)与健身追踪器等可穿戴设备提供了丰富的生理数据,但有效分析需结合个体化背景信息。现有方法多依赖传统机器学习,仅使用历史血糖值,忽视个性化特征,导致在不同人群间表现受限。大语言模型(LLM)在多模态融合与序列建模方面展现潜力,促使我们探索其在个性化血糖评估中的应用。本文提出GlyLLM框架,通过整合可穿戴传感器数据与结构化元数据,利用预训练大模型的先验知识,在推理时实现跨模态语义抽象。在AI-READI数据集上的两项任务实验表明,该模型相较传统机器学习方法,血糖预测的均方根误差(RMSE)平均降低13.66%,糖尿病分型的受试者工作特征曲线下面积(AUROC)提升13.08%。消融实验证明,糖尿病问卷与生物指标比其他健康信息对评估更为关键。本研究为利用大模型推进T2D个性化血糖管理提供了可行路径。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) poses an increasing global health threat, demanding effective glycemic assessment to support personalized and improved diabetes care. Wearable sensors such as continuous glucose monitors (CGM) and fitness trackers offer many valuable insights for glycemic assessment. However, effectively analyzing these data requires integration with essential individual-level context. Existing methods are often based on traditional machine learning (ML) and rely primarily on historical blood glucose measurements and overlook personalized information, which limits their performance across diverse diabetes populations. Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated their ability to integrate diverse data modalities while modeling sequential dependencies, motivating the exploration of their potential for personalized glycemic assessment. In this paper, we propose GlyLLM, an LLM-powered framework for modeling CGM-based glycemic dynamics through the integration of wearable sensor data and structured metadata. GlyLLM can leverage the extensive prior knowledge of pre-trained LLMs and achieve sensor-text semantic abstraction at decision time. Experiments on two related tasks on the AI-READI dataset demonstrate that our model outperforms traditional ML methods by an average of 13.66\% in Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) for glucose forecasting and 13.08\% in Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (AUROC) for diabetes categorization. Additionally, our ablation study shows that diabetes surveys and biometric tests are more critical than other health information for glycemic assessment. Our work presents a promising step toward harnessing the power of LLMs to advance personalized glycemic assessment in T2D care.

糖尿病大模型可穿戴设备血糖预测

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