arXiv:2606.13488cs.CV2026-06

提出GAPR-Net,实现骨科手术中部分到完整点云的高精度配准。

Point-Wise Geometry-Aware Transformer for Partial-to-Full Point Cloud Registration in Computer-Assisted Surgery

论文配图:Point-Wise Geometry-Aware Transformer for Partial-to-Full Point Cloud Registration in Computer-Assisted Surgery
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 融合卷积与Transformer,通过交叉注意力融合局部与全局信息。
  • 在4种骨骼上达到94.2%召回率,误差仅1.992mm,旋转/平移拟合度超0.9。
  • 适合需要精准3D配准的计算机辅助手术与机器人导航场景。

由于重叠率变化、点密度波动和噪声存在,部分到完整点云配准仍具挑战性。尽管变压器在点云处理中展现潜力,但现有方法多局限于全局上下文聚合,忽视了对精确对应至关重要的细粒度局部几何信息。本文提出GAPR-Net,一种基于学习的点云配准框架,采用粗到精架构,结合卷积与变压器模块,利用交叉注意力机制在部分与完整点云间融合局部与全局信息。为此,提出一种变换不变的逐点几何特征表示,可稳健捕捉每个点相对于邻近点的相对几何特征。为验证方法有效性,在四种几何形态各异的骨骼(胫骨、股骨、骨盆、胸骨软骨)上进行实验,整体配准召回率达94.2%,均方根误差仅为1.992 mm,旋转与平移的决定系数分别为0.908和0.974。结果表明,该方法有效解决了部分到完整点云配准问题,实现了基于部分观测的高精度三维点云配准,为计算机辅助手术中的精确导航与机器人操作奠定基础。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Partial-to-full registration remains challenging due to varying overlap ratios, fluctuating point densities, and the presence of noise. While transformers have shown strong potential for point cloud processing, prior methods typically confine them to global context aggregation, overlooking fine-grained local geometry crucial for accurate correspondence. We propose \emph{GAPR-Net}, a learning-based point cloud registration framework with a coarse-to-fine architecture that combines convolution and transformer modules, in which local and global information is fused between the partial and full point clouds using a cross-attention mechanism. To achieve this, a transformation-invariant point-wise geometric feature representation is proposed, which can robustly capture relative geometric features for individual points with respect to their neighboring points. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, experiments are conducted on four geometrically distinct bones, including the tibia, femur, pelvis, and thoracic cartilage. The overall registration recall reaches 94.2\%, the method results in a low RMSE of 1.992 mm and $R^2$ values of 0.908 and 0.974 for rotation and translation, respectively. The results demonstrate that the proposed method effectively addresses the partial-to-full point cloud registration problem. The proposed method enables highly accurate 3D point cloud registration using partial observation, providing a critical foundation for precise surgical navigation and robotic interventions in computer-assisted surgery. The code will be accessed after the double-blind review process.

点云配准医学影像手术导航Transformer

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