arXiv:2606.13529cs.HCcs.LG2026-06

用智能手表监测退伍军人应激反应,配合数字工具可更好稳定情绪。

Ride, Track, and Recover: Pilot Randomized Trial of a Wearable Digital Self-Management Intervention During a Veteran Endurance-Cycling Program

  • 通过手表传感器实时识别应激高唤醒状态,用户确认后触发干预。
  • 有数字干预组的情绪波动更稳定,症状改善持续性优于仅运动组。
  • 个体对算法检测的感知精度与症状严重度相关,需个性化设计。

退伍军人中创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)常伴随持续性过度警觉及共病焦虑、抑郁症状,难以在临床外监测管理。13名参与德州‘英雄计划’骑行活动的退伍军人,在自然环境中按计算机生成序列随机分为两组:(1) 数字干预+体力活动,(2) 仅体力活动;另设7名来自更广泛社区的居家对照组。连续智能手表传感结合心率与加速度特征,检测高唤醒事件,并由参与者实时确认。每周收集焦虑、抑郁及PTSD严重程度自评。广义加性混合模型分析非线性时间轨迹。基线标准化的高唤醒轨迹在不同组间显著差异:数字干预组(n=7)呈现结构化稳定,而仅运动组(n=3)在研究后期出现上升。两运动组在耐力活动期间均有急性症状改善,但数字干预组整体改善维持更佳。居家对照组(n=4)症状呈渐进性下降。个体对机器学习检测的感知精度差异大,且与症状严重度正相关,严重者确认更多检测事件。结果表明,将可穿戴设备检测与数字自我管理结合,有助于稳定高唤醒状态并改善症状,强调个性化与以人为本的设计在可穿戴心理健康系统中的重要性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in veterans is characterized by persistent hyperarousal and comorbid anxiety and depressive symptoms that are difficult to monitor and manage outside clinical settings. Thirteen veterans participating in a Project Hero cycling event in Texas were randomized by computer-generated sequence in a naturalistic setting to two arms: (1) digital intervention plus physical activity, or (2) physical activity only, plus a third at-home monitoring control cohort consisting of 7 veterans selected from the broader Project Hero veteran community. Continuous smartwatch sensing combined heart rate and accelerometer features to detect hyperarousal events, which were confirmed in real time by participants. Weekly self-report measures of anxiety, depression, and PTSD severity were collected. Generalized additive mixed models characterized nonlinear trajectories over time. Baseline-normalized hyperarousal trajectories differed significantly across conditions, with the digital intervention group (n=7) showing structured stabilization compared to late-study escalation in the physical-only group (n=3). Both cycling groups exhibited acute symptom improvements during the endurance event; however, the digital intervention group demonstrated a higher overall maintenance of gains. The at-home control group (n=4) showed gradual symptom declines. Perceived precision of ML detections varied substantially across individuals and was positively associated with symptom severity, with higher-severity participants confirming a greater proportion of detected events. These results suggest that coupling wearable detection with digital self-management tools may support stabilization of hyperarousal and symptom improvement while emphasizing the importance of personalization and human-centered design in wearable mental health systems.

可穿戴设备心理干预个性化数字健康

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