arXiv:2606.13859cond-mat.mtrl-scics.LG2026-06被引 1

用进化搜索与不确定性学习,自动发现增强材料性能的新型制备波形。

Closed-loop discovery of out-of-distribution processing protocols by evolutionary search and uncertainty-aware learning

  • 通过紧凑波形表示与进化搜索结合,高效探索高维控制空间。
  • 在铁电薄膜中发现可提升非线性响应30%以上的波形方案。
  • 适用于材料合成、电池化成等高维控制问题,适合科研与工程优化者。

许多材料和化学系统表现出依赖历史的响应特性,其功能结果不仅由终态变量决定,还受操作过程中场强、温度或化学势随时间变化序列的影响。因此,发现新工艺流程是一个高维搜索问题,控制变量是完整的波形或样品历史,传统方法要么局限于保守的插值家族,要么测量成本过高。本文提出一种闭环工作流,将紧凑波形表示上的进化搜索与不确定性感知的深度核学习相结合,实现候选协议的生成、排序与实验验证。应用于铁电薄膜时,以扫描探针针尖偏压波形为工艺协议,非线性机电响应为奖励信号,该工作流发现了能使非线性增强30%以上的波形家族。空间分辨的前后测量表明,最优波形选择性激活预先存在的弱钉扎畴壁段,而最差波形则引发长程不可逆切换。此框架将工艺调优重构为分布外发现问题,可推广至合成与退火轨迹、电池形成协议及其他高维控制问题。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Many materials and chemical systems exhibit history-dependent responses, where functional outcomes are governed not only by final-state variables but by the time-dependent sequence of fields, temperatures, or chemical potentials applied during operation. Discovering new processing protocols is therefore a high-dimensional search problem in which the control variable is an entire waveform or sample history, and conventional strategies either remain confined to conservative interpolative families or become prohibitively measurement intensive. Here, a closed-loop workflow is introduced that couples evolutionary search over a compact waveform representation with uncertainty-aware deep kernel learning to generate, rank, and experimentally validate candidate protocols. Applied to ferroelectric thin films, with the scanning-probe tip-bias waveform as the protocol and the nonlinear electromechanical response as the reward, the workflow discovers waveform families that enhance nonlinearity by de-aging the film. Spatially resolved before/after measurements show that the best-performing waveforms selectively activate pre-existing, weakly pinned domain-wall segments, whereas the worst drive long-range irreversible switching. This framework reframes protocol tuning as out-of-distribution discovery, generalizable to synthesis and annealing trajectories, battery formation protocols, and other high-dimensional control problems.

材料优化进化算法闭环学习铁电材料

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