通过时间回溯搜索,让视频生成模型在推理时能纠错重试,大幅提升成功率。
Temporal Backtracking Search for Test-time Generative Video Reasoning

- 在生成过程中动态回溯并重启正确分支,避免盲目重采样。
- 在分布外场景下,成功率从0.7%提升至22.7%,全部解来自重启分支。
- 适合需要高可靠性视频生成的机器人、导航等任务场景。
尽管测试时扩展已革新大语言模型的推理能力,生成式视频推理仍受限于单次生成范式。我们发现,仅通过去噪步骤搜索无法修复逻辑错误的生成路径,因空间轨迹在扩散过程早期即确定。根部最佳N采样(BoN)同样低效:推理错误集中于时间轴早期,盲目重采样会丢弃已验证的上游进展。为实现视频模型的有效测试时扩展,我们提出时间回溯搜索(TBS),将搜索空间转向时间轴。TBS通过三个核心机制实现生成-验证-重启的迭代循环:(1) 变量-K条件化,可从任意干净前缀恢复生成;(2) 时间过程验证,定位失败点并提取有效重启锚点;(3) 前缀搜索,将算力重新分配至扩展正确轨迹,而非根部重采样。在算法、导航与机器人领域,TBS在相同预算下全面超越匹配的BoN方法。在严格分布外设置中,单次生成崩溃(0.7%成功率),而TBS达到22.7%,所有成功案例均源自重启分支。最终,TBS揭示视频模型的局部推理能力远超单次生成所体现,提供可扩展的测试时框架以释放其潜力。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
While test-time scaling has revolutionized reasoning in large language models, generative video reasoning remains bottlenecked by a single-shot paradigm. We demonstrate that searching over denoising steps cannot rescue logically flawed rollouts because spatial trajectories commit early in the diffusion process. Root-level Best-of-N (BoN) sampling is similarly inefficient: reasoning errors cluster early in the temporal axis, and resampling blindly discards verified upstream progress. To unlock effective test-time scaling for video models, we introduce Temporal Backtracking Search (TBS), which shifts the search space to the temporal axis. TBS transforms video generation into an iterative generate-verify-restart loop via three core mechanisms: (1) variable-K conditioning to resume generation from arbitrary clean prefixes; (2) temporal process verification to localize failures and extract valid restart anchors; and (3) prefix-based search to reallocate compute toward extending correct trajectories rather than root resampling. Across algorithmic, navigation, and robotics domains, TBS Pareto-dominates matched-budget BoN. In a strict out-of-distribution setting where one-shot generation collapses (0.7% for BoN), TBS achieves 22.7%, with every solved episode stemming from a restarted branch. Ultimately, TBS reveals that the local reasoning competence of video models far exceeds what single-shot rollouts indicate, providing a scalable test-time framework to unlock it.
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