VeriGeo生成可验证的几何题,确保题目、图示与解答一致。
VeriGeo: Controllable Geometry Question Generation with Numerical and Analytical Verification

- 用共享动作序列统一语言、图形和证明,实现可验证生成
- 三阶段验证修复大部分错误,5个LLM基线中效果最优
- 适合教育工具开发与多模态数学推理研究者使用
几何问题生成对AI辅助教育和多模态数学推理有价值,但可靠合成仍具挑战,因题干、图示、约束与解法需相互一致。现有方法常在可控性与可靠性间权衡:基于种子重写灵活但难验证,图示优先构造有效但难满足任意用户约束。我们提出VeriGeo,一种基于可执行推理轨迹的可控几何生成框架。给定目标概念和难度等用户约束,Author代理生成问题与图示,Solver代理生成与证明对齐的解答。二者共享包含自然语言、图示、几何约束与证明步骤的动作序列,形成可验证表示。通过三阶段流水线检查数值一致性、分析可实现性与全局一致性,利用验证引导的反思修复可恢复错误,拒绝不可修复项。在五个LLM基线上,原始生成频繁失败,而VeriGeo修复了大量无效尝试。在8.7k个由VeriGeo生成样本上进行监督微调,取得当前最佳端到端多模态大模型求解器在GeoQA上的表现,并在PGPS9K和MathVista-GPS上获得强结果,证明经验证的合成数据能有效提升多模态几何推理能力。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Geometry problem generation is useful for AI-assisted education and multimodal mathematical reasoning, but reliable synthesis remains difficult because the problem statement, diagram, constraints, and solution should be mutually consistent. Existing methods often trade off controllability and reliability: seed-based rewriting is flexible but weakly verifiable, whereas diagram-first construction improves validity but is less suited to arbitrary user-specified constraints. We introduce VeriGeo, a controllable geometry generation framework grounded in executable reasoning traces. Given user constraints such as target concepts and difficulty, an Author agent generates a problem and diagram, and a Solver agent produces a proof-aligned solution. Both agents use a shared action sequence that connects natural language, diagrams, geometric constraints, and proof steps into a verifiable representation. A three-stage pipeline checks numerical consistency, analytical realizability, and global consistency, using verification-guided reflection to repair recoverable failures and reject unrecoverable ones. Across five LLM backbones, raw generations frequently fail these checks, while VeriGeo repairs a substantial fraction of the invalid attempts. Supervised fine-tuning on 8.7k examples generated by VeriGeo achieves the best reported GeoQA performance among end-to-end multimodal LLM-based solvers, and obtains strong results on PGPS9K and MathVista-GPS, demonstrating the effectiveness of verified synthetic data for improving multimodal geometry reasoning.
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