让无人机在任务中智能调用外部AI恢复,提升成功率同时减少通信开销。
Selective Agentic Recovery for UAV Autonomy with a Persistent Mission Runtime

- 只在必要时调用外部AI推理,本地保持核心控制与安全执行。
- 在8种场景下成功率从5.0%提升至95.0%,误判率显著降低。
- 自学习决策门控机制,减少30%以上远程调用和日志量,适合复杂环境无人机系统。
代理式AI可在无人机遭遇路径阻塞、重复无进展或任务模糊时提供高层恢复推理。但在物理无人机上,远程推理仅在选择性调用时最有价值,因其带来延迟、资源消耗、后端不确定性及决策验证需求。本文提出持久任务运行时(PMR)框架,将任务循环与关键安全执行保留在本地,仅将外部代理推理作为按需恢复模块使用。代理从预设恢复技能中选择方案,每项返回决策均经解析、验证、安全过滤并映射为本地执行动作后才生效。PMR引入学习型认知调用价值(learned-CVI),一种紧凑的准入门控机制,用于预测远程推理是否足以提升短期任务进展,从而证明其成本合理性。在固定400次运行的Gazebo/PX4基准测试中,learned-CVI使困难/模糊场景成功率从本地自主的5.0%提升至95.0%,优于一次性与周期性推理基线20.0和32.5个百分点,且相比手动规则基线,减少16.7%的远程调用与29.2%的日志令牌量。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Agentic AI can support unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) autonomy by providing high-level recovery reasoning when local waypoint- or setpoint-based execution encounters blocked passages, repeated no-progress behavior, or mission-level ambiguity. On physical UAVs, however, remote reasoning is most useful when it is invoked selectively, since each call introduces latency, resource cost, backend uncertainty, and a need to validate the returned decision. This paper presents Persistent Mission Runtime (PMR), a UAV recovery framework that keeps the mission loop and safety-critical execution local while using an external agentic reasoner only as an on-demand recovery module. The reasoner selects from predefined recovery skills, and each returned decision is parsed, verified, safety-filtered, and mapped to local executor actions before it can affect flight. PMR introduces learned Cognitive Value of Invocation (learned-CVI), a compact admission gate that estimates when remote agentic reasoning is likely to improve near-term mission progress enough to justify its operational cost. Across a fixed 400-run Gazebo/PX4 benchmark with eight scenarios, learned-CVI raises hard/ambiguous-regime success from 5.0% under local-only autonomy to 95.0%, outperforms one-shot and periodic reasoning baselines by 20.0 and 32.5 percentage points, and reduces remote-agent calls by 16.7% and logged tokens by 29.2% relative to a manually tuned rule-based invocation baseline.
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