arXiv:2606.14373hep-excs.LG2026-06被引 1

用机器学习统一重建与分析,让粒子流模型成为高能物理的通用基础模型。

Machine-learned particle flow as a foundation model for collider physics

  • 将粒子流重建转为机器学习任务,生成可共享的底层表示。
  • 用重建时学的隐变量特征,提升三类分析任务性能,尤其缺动量回归提升显著。
  • 仅用一个轻量线性层即可媲美复杂模型,参数量减少约35倍,适合高效部署。

从粒子碰撞到物理分析的流程传统上由一系列模块化、孤立的重建步骤组成,缺乏连接底层探测器数据与高层分析任务的共享表征。我们证明,将事件重建视为机器学习问题,自然产生这种共享表征。我们将用于粒子流重建的机器学习模型(MLPF)重用于三个独立分析任务:喷注类型识别、喷注能量回归和缺失动量回归。通过将重建过程中学习到的每粒子隐变量表示作为额外输入特征,显著优于仅使用运动学特征的基线方法。进一步表明,仅用一个线性层基于这些隐变量表示进行训练,即可达到与当前最优基线架构相当的性能,并在缺失动量回归任务上表现更优,参数量仅为基线的约1/35。结果表明,重建过程中学习的隐变量编码了下游分析所需的关键物理信息,确立MLPF作为基础模型,为从探测器数据到物理分析的端到端流程迈出关键一步。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

The workflow from particle collision to physics analysis passes through a series of reconstruction steps that are traditionally modular and disconnected, with no shared representation linking low-level detector data to high-level analysis tasks. We show that casting event reconstruction as a machine learning problem naturally produces such a shared representation. We repurpose a machine learning model trained for particle-flow reconstruction (MLPF) to perform three distinct analysis tasks: jet flavor identification, jet energy regression, and missing momentum regression. By appending the per-particle latent representations learned during reconstruction as additional input features, we substantially improve over baselines that use kinematic features alone. We further demonstrate that a single linear layer trained using only the latent representations achieves competitive performance against state-of-the-art baseline architectures, and outperforms the baseline for missing momentum regression with approximately 35 times fewer parameters. These results demonstrate that the latent representations learned during reconstruction encode essential physics information needed for downstream analysis, establishing MLPF as a foundation model and offering a concrete step toward an end-to-end pipeline from detector data to physics analysis.

粒子流基础模型深度学习高能物理

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