arXiv:2606.14551cs.ROcs.AI2026-06被引 1

让机器人记住消失的线索,靠轨迹判断该做什么。

TRACE: Trajectory-Routed Causal Memory for Delayed-Evidence Visuomotor Imitation

论文配图:TRACE: Trajectory-Routed Causal Memory for Delayed-Evidence Visuomotor Imitation
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用机器人运动轨迹生成记忆钥匙,精准存取关键信息。
  • 在真实长程任务中,分支选择正确率显著高于基线方法。
  • 无需修改主模型,轻量适配即可提升决策能力。

自主运行的机器人可能需基于已消失的证据做出决策。本文研究延迟证据任务:早期提示在决策前已消失,导致视觉相似的观察对应不同动作。此时当前观测不足以支撑控制。提出轨迹路由因果记忆框架(TRACE),用于视觉运动模仿策略。TRACE将物体身份、目标选择或路径依赖状态等任务相关视觉与机器人状态证据,存储于固定大小的潜在记忆中,且记忆规模在长序列中保持不变。不依赖原始时间或人工任务标签索引记忆,而是使用路径签名——执行轨迹的紧凑、有序敏感特征。这些签名不存储视觉线索本身,而是提供写入和检索线索时的轨迹条件键。当机器人再次遇到模糊观测时,策略通过查询TRACE记忆恢复缺失上下文并选择正确分支。TRACE通过轻量适配器接入策略,不改变策略主干、动作头或模仿目标。在多个真实世界长程操作任务中,面对视觉模糊分支点,其分支选择准确率与任务成功率均优于短历史与循环记忆等基线方法。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Robots under autonomous operation may require decisions based on evidence that is no longer visible. We study delayed-evidence tasks, where an early cue disappears before a later decision point, so visually similar observations can require different actions. In these settings, the current observation is not a sufficient state for control. We introduce TRAjectory-routed Causal Evidence (TRACE), a memory framework for visuomotor imitation policies. TRACE stores task-relevant visual and robot-state evidence, such as object identity, target choice, or route-dependent state, in a fixed-size latent memory that remains bounded over long episodes. Instead of indexing memory by raw time or manually provided task labels, TRACE uses path signatures: compact, order-sensitive features of the executed robot-state trajectory. These signatures do not store the visual cue itself; rather, they provide trajectory-conditioned keys for writing and retrieving the evidence stored when the cue was visible. When the robot later reaches an ambiguous observation, the policy conditions on TRACE memory to recover the missing context and choose the correct branch. TRACE attaches through lightweight adapters to policies, without changing the policy backbone, action head, or imitation objective. Across real-world long-horizon manipulation tasks with visually ambiguous branch points, TRACE improves branch selection and task success over alternative baselines, including short-history and recurrent memory. Project page: https://jeong-zju.github.io/trace

机器人记忆机制模仿学习长程决策

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