arXiv:2606.14760cs.CVcs.AI2026-06

让遥感模型自动适应不同分辨率,提升跨尺度识别能力。

GeoRoPE: Ground-Aware Rotary Adaptation for Remote Sensing Foundation Models

论文配图:GeoRoPE: Ground-Aware Rotary Adaptation for Remote Sensing Foundation Models
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 根据地面距离重新校准位置编码,解决多分辨率下的空间错位问题。
  • 在多个遥感任务中,显著提升模型在不同分辨率下的鲁棒性与精度。
  • 轻量级适配器设计,无需重训练,适合各类遥感基础模型使用。

遥感基础模型(RSFMs)虽通过多传感器、多地面采样距离(GSD)图像预训练获益,但下游适应时仍面临尺度不匹配问题。固定像素网格偏移在不同传感器下对应不同的地面距离,导致基于网格的位置先验物理上不一致。同时,城市密集区与均质地貌即使在相同GSD下也需不同位置敏感度。为此,我们提出GeoRoPE:一种面向地面感知的、兼容旋转位置编码(RoPE)、参数高效的遥感空间适配方法。GeoRoPE从两个互补角度重校准令牌级位置交互:首先,地理坐标校准(GCC)根据单个网格步长代表的地面距离,对原始令牌-网格偏移进行缩放,实现跨GSD的地理校准相对坐标;其次,地理频率校准(GFC)通过特定关系因子调整原生RoPE频率,使位置敏感性适应场景相关的空间粒度。GeoRoPE以轻量适配器形式注入预训练模型,保持冻结的空间先验,仅增加地理感知的位置修正。在多个遥感模型、传感器、分辨率及下游任务上的实验表明,GeoRoPE显著提升跨分辨率鲁棒性与尺度敏感表征学习能力。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Remote-sensing foundation models (RSFMs) benefit from pretraining on imagery from multiple sensors and ground sampling distances (GSDs), but such exposure alone does not resolve scale mismatch during downstream adaptation. A fixed token-grid offset can correspond to different ground distances across sensors, making grid-based positional priors physically inconsistent. Meanwhile, heterogeneous spatial granularity means that compact urban regions and homogeneous landscapes may require different positional sensitivities even under the same GSD. Therefore, we propose {GeoRoPE}, a ground-aware, RoPE-compatible, and parameter-efficient spatial adaptation method for RSFMs. GeoRoPE recalibrates token-level positional interactions from two complementary aspects. First, \textit{Geo-Coordinate Calibration (GCC)} rescales raw token-grid offsets according to the ground distance represented by one token-grid step, producing geo-calibrated relative coordinates across GSDs. Second, \textit{Geo-Frequency Calibration (GFC)} adjusts the native RoPE frequency with a relation-specific factor, enabling position sensitive adaptation to scene-dependent spatial granularity. GeoRoPE is injected into pretrained RSFMs through a lightweight adapter, preserving the frozen spatial prior while adding geo-aware positional corrections. Experiments across multiple RSFMs, sensors, resolutions, and downstream tasks demonstrate that GeoRoPE improves cross-resolution robustness and scale-sensitive representation learning.

遥感位置编码多尺度

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