arXiv:2606.15148cs.ROcs.AI2026-06被引 1

用操作数据训练生成式逆运动学,实时稳定且精度高。

MimicIK: Real-Time Generative Inverse Kinematics from Teleoperation with FK Consistency

论文配图:MimicIK: Real-Time Generative Inverse Kinematics from Teleoperation with FK Consistency
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 通过条件流匹配学习平滑的关节运动先验,结合迭代优化预测动作。
  • 实测位置误差4.65毫米,轨迹抖动率仅7.99%,支持20赫兹实时控制。
  • 适用于需要高稳定性与实时性的机器人操作场景,尤其在奇异点附近表现优异。

逆运动学(IK)仍是实时机器人操作的关键瓶颈。传统数值求解器虽精度高,但在闭环部署中常因分支跳跃和奇异点附近不稳定性而失效。基于学习的IK方法则难以兼顾空间精度、运动平滑性与实时效率,尤其在噪声人类遥操作数据上表现不佳。本文提出MimicIK,一种基于遥操作演示的实时生成式逆运动学框架,通过条件流匹配学习平滑且鲁棒的关节空间运动先验。给定当前关节配置与目标末端执行器位姿,该方法采用基于最小迭代策略(MIP)骨干网络的两步迭代精炼过程,预测连续的关节增量。为保证物理一致性,引入可微分的正向运动学一致性损失,惩罚训练中任务空间偏离目标位姿的情况。我们在包含8,848次遥操作示范的真实世界6自由度机器人数据集上评估了MimicIK,结果表明其平均位置误差为4.65毫米,10毫米成功率达92.01%,轨迹抖动率仅为7.99%。相比UNet扩散基线,本方法在空间精度与运动平滑性上均有提升,推理延迟从21.66毫秒降至6.74毫秒。此外,不同于易在分布外部署下剧烈发散的确定性MLP基线,MimicIK在奇异点附近仍保持稳定,可在部署硬件上实现稳定的20赫兹实时控制。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Inverse kinematics (IK) remains a critical bottleneck for real-time robot manipulation. Classical numerical solvers achieve high geometric precision but often suffer from discontinuous branch switching and unstable behavior near kinematic singularities during closed-loop deployment. Meanwhile, learned IK approaches frequently struggle to balance spatial accuracy, motion smoothness, and real-time efficiency, particularly when trained on noisy human teleoperation data. We present \textbf{MimicIK}, a real-time generative inverse kinematics framework that learns smooth and robust joint-space motion priors from teleoperation demonstrations through conditional flow matching. Given the current joint configuration and a target end-effector pose, MimicIK predicts continuous delta-joint commands using an efficient two-step iterative refinement process based on a Minimal Iterative Policy (MIP) backbone. To enforce physical consistency, we further introduce an FK consistency loss, a differentiable forward-kinematics regularization that penalizes task-space deviations from the target pose during training. We evaluate MimicIK on a real-world 6-DOF robot dataset containing 8,848 teleoperation demonstrations. MimicIK achieves a mean position error of 4.65 mm, a 10 mm success rate of 92.01\%, and a trajectory spike rate of only 7.99\%. Compared with a UNet diffusion baseline, our method improves both spatial accuracy and motion smoothness while reducing inference latency from 21.66 ms to 6.74 ms. Furthermore, unlike deterministic MLP baselines that catastrophically diverge under out-of-distribution deployment, MimicIK remains stable near singular configurations and enables robust 20 Hz real-time control on deployment hardware.

逆运动学生成模型机器人控制实时系统

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