用易装易修设计让大学生轻松组装社交机器人，提升学习体验。
Co-Creating Buildable and Open Social Robot Study Companions with University Students
- 用旋锁、卡扣和无工具维修口重构机身，降低组装门槛。
- 用户满意度从差升至优秀，平均装配时间缩短至13.7分钟。
- 适合想动手学机器人但怕复杂装配的学生和教学场景。
开源社交机器人虽具可及性与可维修性，但组装过程常成障碍。现有平台或预装完毕，或使用陌生紧固件、模糊走线与难达维修点，削弱参与感。本研究通过与圭亚那和爱沙尼亚大学生合作，运用双钻框架共同开发了RSC v4.1：识别痛点后，以旋锁快接、卡扣连接和无工具服务盖重构机箱。在开发者与零基础搭建者中开展两项研究，系统可用性从59.4（差）升至89.4（优秀），主观工作量由4.29降至4.00（NASA-TLX），平均装配时间从21.4分钟降至13.7分钟，且初级用户出现方向指引与导航连贯性新需求。结果表明，感知工作量而非完成时长，更影响学生是否选择开放硬件。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Open-source social robots offer accessibility, repairability, and student empowerment, yet the build itself often presents a barrier. Existing platforms either ship pre-assembled, foreclosing hands-on learning, or expose students to unfamiliar fasteners, opaque wiring, and inaccessible service points that erode engagement. Whether targeted mechanical redesign can lower this barrier whilst maintaining structural integrity remains untested. Here we show that Design for Assembly (DfA) and Design for Disassembly (DfD) interventions reshape how a build feels before they shorten how long it takes. Working with university students in Guyana and Estonia, we applied the Double Diamond framework to co-create the Robot Study Companion (RSC) v4.1: mapping pain points, then redesigning its chassis around twist-lock fasteners, snap-fit joints, and tool-free service latches. Across two studies with developers and first-time builders, system usability climbed from Poor to Excellent (SUS 59.4 to 89.4), perceived workload trended downward (NASA-TLX 4.29 to 4.00), and mean assembly time trended downward (21.4 to 13.7 minutes, with juniors' learning effect), whilst orientation cues and navigation continuity for first-time builders emerged as the next documentation frontier. Perceived workload, not completion time, appears to govern whether students take up open hardware.
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