用室温极化子凝聚体实现生成模型,提升图像生成质量与多样性
Generative modelling powered by room-temperature polariton condensates

- 利用有机染料微腔中的极化子凝聚体作为物理随机变换层
- 在数字采样和激光系统上实现更高的图像生成分数与保真度
- 适合关注物理启发式机器学习、新型计算架构的研究者
生成建模需要高效的随机非线性变换及能天然实现这些变换的物理平台。我们实验表明,在强光-物质耦合区域运行的非线性光学系统可作为条件生成建模的物理变换层。具体而言,我们构建了一种工作流程:在室温下由有机染料微腔形成的激子-极化子凝聚体作为生成对抗网络中的物理随机变换单元,实现从数字到图像的条件转换。通过利用极化子凝聚体的非线性多体动力学和内在随机性,该流程优于基于数字扰动注入的基线方法。我们发现,基于极化子的生成对抗网络(Polariton GAN)采样在启始得分、数字保真度和结构相似性方面均优于数字采样与激光系统。此外,空间相关输出变化可自然正则化对抗训练并增强输出多样性。结果确立极化子凝聚为生成建模的新计算资源,为物理增强型机器学习系统开辟路径。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Generative modelling requires efficient stochastic nonlinear transformations and physical platforms that can naturally realise them. We experimentally demonstrate that nonlinear optical systems operating in the strong light-matter coupling regime can serve as physical transformation layers for conditional generative modelling. Specifically, we develop a workflow in which room-temperature exciton-polariton condensates formed in organic dye microcavities act as a physical stochastic transform within a generative adversarial network and enable conditional digit-to-image translation. By using the nonlinear many-body dynamics and intrinsic stochasticity of polariton condensates, the workflow outperforms baseline approaches based on digitally injected perturbations. We find that polariton-enabled sampling via generative adversarial network (Polariton GAN) yields improved inception score, digit preservation accuracy and structural similarity compared with both digital sampling and laser-based systems. We further show that spatially correlated output variations can naturally regularise adversarial training and enhance output diversity. Our results establish polariton condensation as a new computational resource for generative modelling, opening a pathway towards physics-enhanced machine learning systems.
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