基于知识图谱的智能地理空间检索系统,支持多模态查询与推理。
Intelligent Multimodal Retrieval and Reasoning for Geospatial Knowledge Discovery on the I-GUIDE Platform
- 融合搜索、图谱与生成模型,实现跨文档语义检索与推理。
- 单卡支持约100并发用户,每秒处理4.4请求,延迟25秒内。
- 适合地理信息科研人员及需要精准数据溯源的开发者使用。
地理空间知识发现需跨异构资源(数据集、地图、笔记本、软件、文献等)检索,传统地理门户仅支持元数据和空间筛选,缺乏语义检索、图谱化溯源与对话式合成能力。本文介绍部署于I-GUIDE平台的智能搜索系统,整合生产级OpenSearch关键词、向量与空间索引,结合Neo4j知识图谱与迭代式检索增强生成(RAG)流水线,实现记忆感知查询增强、推理、方法路由、相关性评分、可信生成与幻觉检测。在单张A100显卡部署下,系统支持约100名模拟用户并发交互,每秒处理4.4个请求,平均响应时间近25秒,每查询调用20-50次大模型。通过包含170个经人工筛选的真实用户查询的四类基准测试,以及从已部署索引生成的十组意图特定探测集评估显示,该系统在精确标识符、空间约束、简单推荐与领域特定事实类问题上,显著优于非检索与基础RAG基线,尤其依赖当前索引证据的任务中表现突出。本文提炼出可复用的空间RAG部署经验,涵盖空间元数据质量、图谱溯源、检索路由、接口契约、拒绝响应评估、延迟-成本权衡,以及用户界面在地理信息基础设施中的关键作用。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Geospatial knowledge discovery increasingly requires search across heterogeneous artifacts: datasets, maps, notebooks, software, publications, and the provenance links among them. Conventional geoportals support metadata and spatial filtering, but they rarely provide semantic retrieval, graph-aware provenance traversal, and conversational synthesis in one integrated system. This paper presents I-GUIDE Smart Search, a production multimodal geospatial retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) system embedded in the I-GUIDE Platform, and reports on its design, deployment, and evaluation. The system combines production-maintained OpenSearch keyword, vector, and spatial indexes with a Neo4j knowledge graph and an iterative RAG pipeline for memory-aware query augmentation, reasoning, retrieval-method routing, relevance grading, grounded generation, hallucination and relevance checking. In a single-A100 RAG deployment, I-GUIDE Smart Search supports interactive use up to about 100 concurrent simulated users, reaching 4.4 requests per second with p50 latency near 25 seconds despite 20-50 LLM calls per query. For answer quality, we evaluate a four-category benchmark of 170 unique human-filtered user-facing queries, together with ten intent-specific probe sets generated from the deployed indexes and graph. Smart Search improves retrieved evidence coverage and judged answer quality over non-retrieval and naive-RAG baselines, with the clearest gains on exact-identifier, spatially constrained, simple-recommendation, and domain-specific factual queries requiring current indexed evidence. We distill transferable deployment lessons for spatial RAG systems, covering spatial metadata quality, graph provenance, retrieval routing, interface contracts, refusal-aware evaluation, latency-cost tradeoffs, and the role of the user interface in deployed geospatial cyberinfrastructure.
Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。