为物理嵌入式系统设计抗设备级网络攻击的韧性评估框架
A Formal Resilience Framework for Cyber-Physical Embodied Systems under Device-Level Cyberattacks
- 将入侵检测系统信息融入韧性判定，实现主动防御
- 可量化评估攻击对任务执行与系统物理完整性的影响
- 适合研究安全可靠的智能机器人、自动驾驶等系统
在信息物理系统（CPS）中，传统容错通过分析传感器和执行器输出，检测渐进漂移或突发故障，并启动相应容错机制。然而，该方法难以应对网络攻击带来的细微干扰，尤其在具身化CPS中更为关键——这类系统不仅需完成任务，还需维持自身物理完整性。为防止结构损坏，亟需支持主动响应的韧性框架。本文提出一种形式化可靠性框架，将入侵检测系统（IDS）信息纳入韧性评估谓词，可评估系统对干扰和退化的容忍能力。分析案例验证了其分析能力与理论严谨性，为可信赖且安全的具身化CPS奠定基础。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
In cyber-physical systems (CPSs), fault tolerance is traditionally achieved by analysing sensor and actuator outputs, detecting progressive drift or sudden failures, and initiating suitable tolerance mechanisms. Reasonable under general failure models, this approach fails to capture nuanced disruptions caused by cyberattacks, which may employ subtle strategies. This is particularly critical in embodied CPSs, where computational and physical devices not only have an active role in task completion, but also in embodiment preservation (that is, maintaining the system's physical integrity). To prevent structural physical damage, embodied CPSs require a framework that enables proactive response to cyberattacks. This paper proposes a formal dependability framework that incorporates IDS information into resilience evaluation predicates, enabling assessment of tolerance to disruption and degradation. The framework supports structured reasoning about how cyberattacks affect task execution and embodiment preservation, and whether mitigation strategies must be deployed. Analytical examples demonstrate its analytical capability and soundness, establishing a theoretical foundation for dependable and secure embodied CPSs.
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