解决机器人控制中约束冲突导致的优化失败问题,实现稳定求解与可微分计算。
Elastic ODYN: Differentiable Optimization for Infeasible Control and Learning in Robotics

- 采用平滑的平方L2弹性松弛处理不可行约束,保持优化问题良态
- 在无可行解时仍收敛到最接近可行的解,且支持热启动
- 适用于机器人控制、轨迹优化等需容忍约束冲突的场景
机器人系统常面临目标冲突、建模误差和退化接触条件,导致二次规划(QPs)不可行。现有优化求解器和可微分QP层多假设可行性,导致数值失效、梯度不稳定或求解器崩溃。本文提出Elastic ODYN,一种基于原-对偶的非内点法QP求解器,通过光滑的平方ℓ₂弹性松弛处理不可行性。该方法在病态和退化条件下仍保持良好定义,支持热启动,并在无可行解时收敛至最接近可行的解。轻量级精炼阶段从弹性解中恢复物理意义明确的对偶变量。基于此框架,我们构建了Elastic OdynLayer(可微分QP层,具备不可行下的稳定梯度)和Elastic OdynSQP(感知不可行性的SQP方法),可通过选择性松弛解决不一致子问题及内在不可行最优控制任务。我们在基准QP、奇异接触力学、可微参数辨识以及四足与人形机器人轨迹优化上评估该框架。所有测试中,Elastic ODYN均显著优于当前最先进的弹性QP求解器,在鲁棒性、热启动性能和收敛可靠性方面表现更优,使优化、仿真、控制与学习突破现有方法对可行性的依赖。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Robotic systems routinely encounter conflicting objectives, modeling errors, and degenerate contact conditions that render quadratic programs (QPs) infeasible. Yet most optimization solvers and differentiable QP layers assume feasibility, leading to numerical failures, unstable gradients, or solver breakdown when constraints cannot be simultaneously satisfied. We present Elastic ODYN, a primal--dual non-interior-point QP solver that handles infeasibility through smooth squared-$\ell_2$ elastic relaxations. The resulting formulation remains well posed under ill-conditioning and degeneracy, supports warm starting, and converges to closest-to-feasible solutions when no feasible point exists. A lightweight refinement stage recovers physically meaningful dual variables from the elastic solution. Building on this framework, we develop Elastic OdynLayer, a differentiable QP layer with stable gradients under infeasibility, and Elastic OdynSQP, an infeasibility-aware SQP method that resolves inconsistent subproblems and intrinsically infeasible optimal control tasks through selective constraint relaxation. We evaluate the framework on benchmark QPs, singular contact mechanics, differentiable parameter identification, and quadrupedal and humanoid trajectory optimization. Across all settings, Elastic ODYN consistently outperforms state-of-the-art elastic QP solvers in robustness, warm-start performance, and convergence reliability, enabling optimization, simulation, control, and learning beyond the feasibility assumptions of existing methods.
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